Optimal HLA matching in hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Optimal HLA matching in hematopoietic cell transplantation.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.coi.2008.06.014
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发表时间:
2008-10
影响因子:
7
通讯作者:
Petersdorf EW
Petersdorf EW
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Petersdorf EW

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在需要造血细胞移植的患者中,只有30%的人会有一个HLA相合的兄弟姐妹作为捐赠者。免疫遗传学领域的进步,以及世界各地捐赠者登记和脐血库的增长,为其中许多患者提供了挽救生命的移植机会。目前的数据证明了匹配无关供者的HLA等位基因和抗原的重要性。当没有匹配的志愿捐赠者时,可以考虑使用不匹配的捐赠者。错配供体选择的新概念包括考虑基因座、错配数量、等位基因和抗原之间的差异、定义I类表位的氨基酸错配的位置和性质以及单倍型错配的存在。当脐血移植是一种选择时,细胞剂量和人类白细胞抗原配型都是重要的变量。优化造血细胞移植的整体结果需要认识到人类白细胞抗原因子相对于其他也影响移植结果的非遗传因素的相对重要性。
Only 30% of patients in need of a hematopoietic cell transplant will have an HLA identical sibling to serve as the donor. Advances in the field of immunogenetics together with the growth of donor registries and cord blood banks worldwide have provided many of these patients the opportunity for a life saving transplant. Current data demonstrate the importance of matching the unrelated donor for HLA alleles and antigens. When a matched volunteer donor is not available, use of mismatched donors may be considered. New concepts in the selection of mismatched donors include consideration for the locus, the number of mismatches, differences between alleles and antigens, the location and nature of amino acid mismatches that define class I epitopes, and the presence of haplotype mismatching. When cord blood transplantation is an option, both cell dose and HLA matching are important variables. Optimizing the overall outcome of hematopoietic cell transplantation requires an appreciation for the relative importance of HLA factors with respect to other non-genetic factors that also influence transplant outcome.
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