Cumulative risk, maternal responsiveness, and allostatic load among young adolescents
Cumulative risk, maternal responsiveness, and allostatic load among young adolescents
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DOI：
10.1037/0012-1649.43.2.341
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Shannis, Dana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Evans, Gary W.;Kim, Pilyoung;Shannis, Dana
本研究的目的是检查累积风险暴露与孕产妇反应对儿童和青少年慢性压力生理指标的影响。中学生暴露于更大的累积心理社会（例如，家庭混乱、贫穷）和身体（例如拥挤、不合标准的住房）危险因素表现出更高水平的非稳态负荷，这是由多种生理反应系统的动员引起的身体累积磨损的生理标志。这种影响是纵向的，残余的非稳态负荷3-4年前，当青年在小学。然而，这种影响只发生在青少年与母亲低反应。累积风险也与急性应激（心算）引起的动态心血管过程有关。较高的风险与反应迟钝和血压恢复较慢、效率较低有关。这些动态心血管效应的发生与母体反应无关。
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of cumulative risk exposure in concert with maternal responsiveness on physiological indicators of chronic stress in children and youth. Middle-school children exposed to greater accumulated psychosocial (e.g., family turmoil, poverty) and physical (e.g,, crowding, substandard housing) risk factors manifested higher levels of allostatic load, a physiological marker of cumulative wear and tear on the body caused by the mobilization of multiple, physiological response systems. This effect was longitudinal, residualizing allostatic load 3-4 years earlier when the youth were in elementary school. This effect, however, occurred only among adolescents with mothers low in responsiveness. Cumulative risk was also associated with dynamic cardiovascular processes in response to an acute stressor (mental arithmetic). Higher risk was associated with muted reactivity and slower, less efficient recovery in blood pressure. These dynamic cardiovascular effects occurred irrespective of maternal responsiveness.