PERCEIVED RECIPROCITY, SOCIAL SUPPORT, AND STRESS AT WORK - THE ROLE OF EXCHANGE AND COMMUNAL ORIENTATION
PERCEIVED RECIPROCITY, SOCIAL SUPPORT, AND STRESS AT WORK - THE ROLE OF EXCHANGE AND COMMUNAL ORIENTATION
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.65.4.801
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发表时间：
1993-10-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
HOPSTAKEN, LEM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BUUNK, BP;DOOSJE, BJ;HOPSTAKEN, LEM
感知互惠支持在工作中的关系进行了检查之间的员工精神病医院（研究1）和荷兰国家铁路公司（研究2）的员工的研究。与同事的关系比与上级的关系更经常被认为是互惠的，在与上级的关系中，个人往往会过度受益。缺乏互惠性--受益不足或受益过多--一般与负面影响有关，这些影响独立于工作压力的影响。在研究2中还发现，这些影响是由个人差异变量交换取向（一般期望立即互惠）和社区取向（积极考虑他人的需要和感受）调节。
Perceived reciprocity regarding support in relationships at work was examined among employees of a psychiatric hospital (Study 1) and in a study of employees of the Dutch National Railway Company (Study 2). Relationships with colleagues were more often perceived as reciprocal than relationships with superiors, and in relationships with superiors individuals more often fell overbenefited. Lack of reciprocity-being underbenefited or being overbenefited-was in general associated with negative affect, and these effects were independent of the effect of perceived job stress. In Study 2 it was also found that these effects were moderated by the individual-differences variables exchange orientation (the general expectation of immediate reciprocity) and communal orientation (a positive regard for the needs and feelings of others).