Efficient iterative method for solving the Dirac-Kohn-Sham density functional theory

Efficient iterative method for solving the Dirac-Kohn-Sham density functional theory
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求解 Dirac-Kohn-Sham 密度泛函理论的高效迭代方法

DOI:
10.1016/j.jcp.2013.03.030
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发表时间:
2012-11
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
E, Weinan
E, Weinan
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lin, Lin;Shao, Sihong;E, Weinan

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本文首次提出了直接求解四分量Dirac-Kohn-Sham (DKS)密度泛函理论的有效迭代方法。由于DKS算子中存在负能量连续统,现有的求解Kohn-Sham系统的迭代技术不能有效地应用于DKS系统的求解。该方法的关键部分是一种新的滤波步骤(F),它在局部最优块预条件共轭梯度(LOBPCG)方法框架中充当预调节器。所得到的方法被称为LOBPCG-F方法,它能够在不计算任何负能带状态的情况下计算出正能带的期望特征值和特征向量。与标准的LOBPCG方法相比,LOBPCG- f方法引入了少量的额外成本,并且易于实现。我们在具有自然满足动力学平衡规定的平面波基集的伪势框架中证明了我们的方法。对Pt2, Au2, TlF和bi2se3的数值结果表明,LOBPCG-F方法是研究重元素体系中相对论效应的一种鲁棒且有效的方法。
We present for the first time an efficient iterative method to directly solve the four-component Dirac–Kohn–Sham (DKS) density functional theory. Due to the existence of the negative energy continuum in the DKS operator, the existing iterative techniques for solving the Kohn–Sham systems cannot be efficiently applied to solve the DKS systems. The key component of our method is a novel filtering step (F) which acts as a preconditioner in the framework of the locally optimal block preconditioned conjugate gradient (LOBPCG) method. The resulting method, dubbed the LOBPCG-F method, is able to compute the desired eigenvalues and eigenvectors in the positive energy band without computing any state in the negative energy band. The LOBPCG-F method introduces mild extra cost compared to the standard LOBPCG method and can be easily implemented. We demonstrate our method in the pseudopotential framework with a planewave basis set which naturally satisfies the kinetic balance prescription. Numerical results for Pt2, Au2, TlF, and Bi2Se3indicate that the LOBPCG-F method is a robust and efficient method for investigating the relativistic effect in systems containing heavy elements.
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