The role of particle, energy and momentum losses in 1D simulations of divertor detachment

The role of particle, energy and momentum losses in 1D simulations of divertor detachment
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偏滤器脱离一维模拟中粒子、能量和动量损失的作用

DOI:
10.1088/1361-6587/ab1321
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Dudson B
Dudson B
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dudson B

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一个新的一维偏滤器等离子体代码,SD 1D,已被用来检查的作用,分离的重组,辐射和动量交换。发现动量或功率损失本身都不足以在分离中产生目标离子通量的减少(通量翻转);需要辐射功率损失来(a)限制和减少电离源和(B)获得低目标温度T目标,条件为体积动量损失。发现在通量翻转时,电离作用很小,但当T靶下降到约1 eV的温度时,它成为一个强离子阱。在辐射损失由氢主导的情况下,分离阈值被确定为相对于T目标的每次电离的能量成本的最小梯度。这也与T目标中的阈值和上游压力与功率通量的比率有关。确定分离条件的系统开发,使得偏滤器解决方案在一个给定的T目标(或缺乏一个)是由两个方程的目标离子电流的同时解决方案-一个依赖于功率损失和其他的动量。根据详细的动量和功率损耗对温度的依赖性,T目标的区域中没有解决方案,等离子体从高T目标状态“跳跃”到低T目标状态。这里开发的新的分析方法提供了一种直观的方式来理解复杂的分离现象,并可以潜在地用于预测如何使用的种子杂质或回收方面的偏滤器的变化可以用来修改分离的发展。
A new 1D divertor plasma code, SD1D, has been used to examine the role of recombination, radiation, and momentum exchange in detachment. Neither momentum or power losses by themselves are found to be sufficient to produce a reduction in target ion flux in detachment (flux rollover); radiative power losses are required to (a) limit and reduce the ionisation source and (b) access low-target temperature, T target, conditions for volumetric momentum losses. Recombination is found to play a small role at flux rollover, but as T target drops to temperatures around 1 eV, it becomes a strong ion sink. In the case where radiative losses are dominated by hydrogen, the detachment threshold is identified as a minimum gradient of the energy cost per ionisation with respect to T target. This is also linked to thresholds in T target and in the ratio of upstream pressure to power flux. A system of determining the detached condition is developed such that the divertor solution at a given T target (or lack of one) is determined by the simultaneous solution of two equations for target ion current—one dependent on power losses and the other on momentum. Depending on the detailed momentum and power loss dependence on temperature there are regions of T target where there is no solution and the plasma'jumps' from high to low T target states. The novel analysis methods developed here provide an intuitive way to understand complex detachment phenomena, and can potentially be used to predict how changes in the seeding impurity used or recycling aspects of the divertor can be utilised to modify the development of detachment.
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