Oxidation state, aggregation, and heterolytic dissociation of allyl indium reagents.

Oxidation state, aggregation, and heterolytic dissociation of allyl indium reagents.
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烯丙基铟试剂的氧化态、聚集和异解离解

DOI:
10.1021/ja908101j
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
15
通讯作者:
K. Koszinowski
K. Koszinowski
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
K. Koszinowski

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采用电喷雾电离质谱、1H NMR和电导率测量相结合的方法,对铟与烯丙基溴和烯丙基碘在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、四氢呋喃和水中反应生成的烯丙基铟试剂溶液进行了分析。另外的质谱实验探测烯丙基铟试剂的电荷标记衍生物。所得结果表明存在烯丙基铟(+3)物种,其进行异裂解离以产生离子如InR 2(solv)+和InRX 3 −,其中R =烯丙基,X = Br和I。解离的程度是最大的forN,N-二甲基甲酰胺,而聚集效应是更明显的极性较低的四氢呋喃。烯丙基铟试剂的异裂离解通过同时提供高度刘易斯酸性的烯丙基铟阳离子和亲核烯丙基铟酸阴离子而增强了它们的反应性。
Solutions of allyl indium reagents formed in the reactions of indium with allyl bromide and allyl iodide, respectively, inN,N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, and water were analyzed by a combination of electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry, temperature-dependent1H NMR spectroscopy, and electrical conductivity measurements. Additional mass spectrometric experiments probed charge-tagged derivatives of the allyl indium reagents. The results obtained indicate the presence of allyl indium(+3) species, which undergo heterolytic dissociation to yield ions such as InR2(solv)+and InRX3−with R = allyl and X = Br and I. The extent of dissociation is greatest forN,N-dimethylformamide, whereas aggregation effects are more pronounced for the less polar tetrahydrofuran. The heterolytic dissociation of the allyl indium reagents supposedly enhances their reactivity by simultaneously providing highly Lewis acidic allyl indium cations and nucleophilic allyl indate anions.
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