From Self-Organized Novolac Resins to Ordered Nanoporous Carbons
From Self-Organized Novolac Resins to Ordered Nanoporous Carbons
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从自组织酚醛树脂到有序纳米多孔碳
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合成了聚苯乙烯-嵌段-聚环氧乙烷（PS-b-PEO）二嵌段共聚物，并将其掺入酚醛清漆树脂中，以六亚甲基四胺（HMTA）为固化剂，得到纳米结构酚醛热固性材料。通过原子力显微镜 (AFM) 和小角 X 射线散射 (SAXS) 研究热固性材料的形貌。研究发现，固化反应前后形成了长程有序纳米结构。从固化反应前后二嵌段共聚物的子链与酚醛树脂的混溶性来看，可以判断纳米结构的形成遵循自组装机制。在热固性共混物中，二嵌段共聚物的 PEO 子链在固化反应前后可与酚醛热固性材料混溶。傅里叶变换红外 (FTIR) 光谱表明，固化反应显着减弱了酚醛基体与 PEO 之间的分子间氢键相互作用。
Polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) diblock copolymer was synthesized and incorporated into novolac resin to obtain the nanostructured phenolic thermosets with hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) as the curing agent. The morphology of the thermosets were investigated by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). It was found that long-ranged ordered nanostructures were formed after and before curing reaction. In views of the miscibility of the subchains of the diblock copolymer with the phenol−formaldehyde resins after and before curing reaction, it was judged that the formation of the nanostructures followed the mechanism of self-assembly. In the thermosetting blends, the PEO subchain of the diblock copolymer was miscible with phenolic thermosets after and before cuing reaction. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that the curing reaction significantly weakened the intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions between phenolic matrix and PEO s...