The tectonic geomorphology of bedrock scarps on active normal faults in the Italian Apennines mapped using combined ground penetrating radar and terrestrial laser scanning
The tectonic geomorphology of bedrock scarps on active normal faults in the Italian Apennines mapped using combined ground penetrating radar and terrestrial laser scanning
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DOI：
10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.03.011
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发表时间：
2015-05-15
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Sammonds, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bubeck, A.;Wilkinson, M.;Sammonds, P.
利用探地雷达（GPR）和地面激光扫描（TLS）的综合数据集，我们记录了意大利中部与活动伸展断裂相关的基岩陡坡形态的各种构造地貌特征。如果可以建立断层特征的年龄，那么测量这些断崖上的断层偏移可以提供与地震危害分析相关的重要断层滑动率数据。然而，在陡坡发育过程中，当地貌过程和断层滑动导致基岩的挖掘时，对这些偏移的解释是具有挑战性的。通过地表（TLS）和地下（GPR）数据的整合，我们发现三个基岩陡坡的地表表达是由下壁切割、上壁沉积、河道切割和滑坡以及断层滑动和断层联动共同作用的结果。我们进一步说明如何区分这些过程，以确定适合确定断层滑动率的位置。这些特征的识别对我们理解基岩断裂和地貌过程之间的关系具有重要意义，进而有助于改进亚平宁山脉中部断层滑动率的评估。使用GPR和TLS联合数据集表明，所研究的陡崖的构造地貌特征在短距离内变化很大，我们强调需要进行详细的陡崖分析，以阐明在陡崖形成的时间尺度上断层滑动速率之前负责基岩挖掘的过程。(C) 2014年作者。这是一篇基于CC by - nc - nd许可的开放获取文章。
Using combined datasets from ground penetrating radar (GPR) and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) we document the variety of tectono-geomorphic features that contribute to the morphology of bedrock scarps associated with active extensional faulting in central Italy. Measurement of faulted offsets across such scarps can provide important fault slip-rate data relevant to seismic hazard analysis if ages can be established for offset features. However, interpretation of these offsets is challenging when geomorphic processes as well as fault slip contribute to exhumation of the bedrock during scarp development. Through the integration of surface (TLS) and subsurface (GPR) datasets, we show that the surface expression of three bedrock scarps results from the interaction between foot-wall incision, hangingwall sedimentation, channel incision and landsliding as well as fault slip and fault linkage. We further illustrate how these processes can be differentiated to identify locations suitable for determining fault slip-rates. The identification of such features has important implications for our understanding of the relationship between bedrock faulting and geomorphic processes, in turn contributing to improved assessment of fault slip-rates in the central Apennines. The use of combined GPR and TLS datasets here has shown that the tectono-geomorphic features of the studied scarps vary greatly over short distances and we emphasise the need for detailed scarp analysis to elucidate the processes responsible for bedrock exhumation before estimating the rates of fault slip over the timescale of scarp formation. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.