CHARACTERIZATION OF THE STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY OF INDIGENOUS SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES IN SMELTER-IMPACTED AND NONIMPACTED SOILS
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY OF INDIGENOUS SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES IN SMELTER-IMPACTED AND NONIMPACTED SOILS
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DOI：
10.1897/08-281.1
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Cox, Stephen B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Anderson, Jennifer A. H.;Hooper, Michael J.;Cox, Stephen B.
美国蒙大拿州阿纳康达市的阿纳康达冶炼厂经过世纪的采矿和冶炼活动，已经使周围的土壤和地下水受到金属污染。从6个冶炼厂影响的网站和一个nonimpacted网站的土壤微生物群落进行了比较，以确定长期的影响梯度的金属浓度对微生物活性，生物量，功能多样性（Biolog微量滴定板），和结构多样性（变性剂梯度凝胶电泳16S核糖体DNA）。受冶炼影响的土壤中微生物活性和生物量下降。同样，功能和结构多样性的微生物群落原生的冶炼厂影响的土壤转移，相对于微生物群落，从nonimpacted网站。这些变化与土壤重金属含量和土壤理化性质（pH、有机质、NO3、NH4等）显著相关，这为许多环境变量对土壤中微生物群落动态的重要性提供了证据。根据重叠的碳基质利用模式，在受冶炼厂影响的场地原生的微生物群落内观察到功能冗余的初步证据。然而，由于文化为基础的选择偏见，冗余只涉及到一个子集的社会，并可能不生态相关。尽管如此，在本研究中的金属污染对微生物群落的影响是显着的，结果提供了初步的洞察土壤微生物群落结构和功能之间的复杂关系，在土壤微生物群落结构和功能的干扰土壤。
A century of mining and smelting activity at the Anaconda Smelter site in Anaconda, Montana, USA, has contaminated the surrounding soils and groundwater with metals. Soil microbial communities from six smelter-impacted sites and a nonimpacted site were compared to determine the long-term effects of a gradient of metal concentrations on microbial activity, biomass, functional diversity (Biolog microtiter plates), and structural diversity (denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis of 16S ribosomal DNA). Microbial activity and biomass were decreased in the smelter-impacted soils. Likewise, the functional and structural diversity of the microbial communities native to the smelter-impacted soils were shifted, relative to the microbial community, from the nonimpacted site. These shifts were significantly correlated with soil metal concentration and several soil physicochemical properties (pH, organic matter, NO3, NH4, etc.), which provides evidence of the importance of many environmental variables on microbial community dynamics in soils. Preliminary evidence of functional redundancy was observed within microbial communities native to the smelter-impacted sites, based on overlapping carbon substrate utilization patterns. However, due to culture-based selection bias, redundancy pertains only to a subset of the community and may not be ecologically relevant. Nevertheless, the effects of metal contamination on microbial communities in the present study are pronounced and results provide preliminary insight into the complex relationship between soil microbial community structure and function in anthropogenically disturbed soils.