Magmatic origin of giant 'Kiruna-type' apatite-iron-oxide ores in central Sweden.

Magmatic origin of giant 'Kiruna-type' apatite-iron-oxide ores in central Sweden.
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DOI:
10.1038/srep01644
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Skelton, Alasdair
Skelton, Alasdair
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jonsson, Erik;Troll, Valentin R.;Hogdahl, Karin;Harris, Chris;Weis, Franz;Nilsson, Katarina P.;Skelton, Alasdair

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铁是现代工业最重要的金属,瑞典是迄今为止欧洲最大的铁生产国,但瑞典主要铁源“基律纳型”磷灰石氧化铁矿石的起源仍然是个谜。我们发现,瑞典中部最大的 Grängesberg“基律纳型”矿床的磁铁矿的 δ18O 值在 -0.4 至 +3.7‰ 之间,而 1.90−1.88 Ga 变质火山主岩的 δ18O 值在 +4.9 至 +9‰ 之间。超过90%的磁铁矿数据与中长英质岩浆或高温岩浆液的直接沉淀一致(δ18Omgt>+0.9‰,即正位岩浆)。一小部分磁铁矿 (δ18Omgt ≤ +0.9‰) 反过来与高 δ18O 平衡,可能是低温下的流星热液流体。因此,瑞典中部的“基律纳型”矿石主要是通过较大火山上层建筑内的岩浆氧化铁沉淀形成的,而局部热液活动是由该系统较浅部分的低温流体循环引起的。
Iron is the most important metal for modern industry and Sweden is by far the largest iron-producer in Europe, yet the genesis of Sweden's main iron-source, the ‘Kiruna-type’ apatite-iron-oxide ores, remains enigmatic. We show that magnetites from the largest central Swedish ‘Kiruna-type’ deposit at Grängesberg have δ18O values between −0.4 and +3.7‰, while the 1.90−1.88 Ga meta-volcanic host rocks have δ18O values between +4.9 and +9‰. Over 90% of the magnetite data are consistent with direct precipitation from intermediate to felsic magmas or magmatic fluids at high-temperature (δ18Omgt > +0.9‰, i.e. ortho-magmatic). A smaller group of magnetites (δ18Omgt ≤ +0.9‰), in turn, equilibrated with high-δ18O, likely meteoric, hydrothermal fluids at low temperatures. The central Swedish ‘Kiruna-type’ ores thus formed dominantly through magmatic iron-oxide precipitation within a larger volcanic superstructure, while local hydrothermal activity resulted from low-temperature fluid circulation in the shallower parts of this system.
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