T cell antigenicity and immunogenicity of allogeneic exosomes.

T cell antigenicity and immunogenicity of allogeneic exosomes.
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DOI:
10.1111/ajt.16591
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发表时间:
2021-07
期刊:
American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons
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其他
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细胞外囊泡,包括外泌体,在移植后由同种异体细胞定期释放。受体抗原呈递细胞 (APC) 捕获这些囊泡,随后在其表面展示供体 MHC 分子。最近的证据表明,所谓异型 APC 激活同种异体反应性 T 细胞在启动与同种异体移植排斥相关的同种异体反应中发挥着重要作用。另一方面,同种异体外泌体是否可以自行结合T细胞并激活它们仍不清楚。在这项研究中,我们证明同种异体外泌体可以与 T 细胞结合,但在体外不会刺激它们,除非它们与 APC 一起培养。另一方面,同种异体外泌体在体内激活 T 细胞并使小鼠对同种异体抗原敏感,但前提是在炎症环境中递送。
Extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, are regularly released by allogeneic cells after transplantation. Recipient antigen-presenting cells (APCs) capture these vesicles and subsequently display donor MHC molecules on their surface. Recent evidence suggests that activation of alloreactive T cells by the so-called cross-dressed APCs plays an important role in initiating the alloresponse associated with allograft rejection. On the other hand, whether allogeneic exosomes can bind to T cells on their own and activate them remains unclear. In this study, we showed that allogeneic exosomes can bind to T cells but do not stimulate them in vitro unless they are cultured with APCs. On the other hand, allogeneic exosomes activate T cells in vivo and sensitize mice to alloantigens but only when delivered in an inflammatory environment.
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