3-Dimensional modelling of chick embryo eye development and growth using high resolution magnetic resonance imaging
3-Dimensional modelling of chick embryo eye development and growth using high resolution magnetic resonance imaging
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DOI：
10.1016/j.exer.2009.05.014
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Wride, Michael A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goodall, Nicola;Kisiswa, Lilian;Wride, Michael A.
磁共振成像（MRI）是生成三维结构和功能图像数据的强大工具。核磁共振成像在绘制老鼠和鹌鹑发育图谱方面已经被证明是有价值的。在这里，我们利用高分辨率MRI来确定获取小鸡胚胎眼睛图像所需的参数。采用9.4特斯拉（400 MHz）高场超屏蔽冷藏磁铁（Bruker），对E4、E6、E8、E10多聚甲醛固定的鸡胚或鸡头进行MRI检查。使用已建立的和定制的软件包（MRICro、ImageJ、ParaVision、Bruker和mri3dX）处理图像数据。体素尺寸范围为62.5 ~ 117.2 μ m。随后，我们利用MRI数据获得的图像精确测量了E4 ~ E10期间鸡胚眼表面积、体积和轴向长度。通过与先前发表的文献直接比较，MRI验证了眼部组织特征的准确大小。此外，我们展示了高分辨率MRI的实用性，可以准确测量由于实验操作引起的小鸡眼睛发育的形态学变化，从而有助于更好地理解这种操作对小鸡胚胎眼睛发育和生长的影响。在妊娠5期3只胚胎右眼玻璃体腔内微量注射硫酸软骨素或肝素。在E10时，胚胎固定，使用MRI确定各种眼睛参数（体积，表面积，轴向长度和赤道直径），并相对于未注射的左眼进行归一化。显微注射糖胺聚糖后，胚胎的眼体积有统计学意义的改变（p < 0.05；硫酸软骨素增加，肝素减少）和玻璃体均匀性的改变。此外，在注射肝素的眼睛中，观察到明显的玻璃体-视网膜边界紊乱以及视网膜折叠和脱离，证实了组织学观察。这些数据揭示了MRI在产生图像方面的实用性和优越性，从而可以量化实验诱导的眼体积和结构的变化。结果表明，MRI是一种重要的工具，可以成为一种快速、灵敏地分析正常鸡眼发育和形态的常规方法，以及对活胚蛋中鸡胚眼进行手术或遗传操作的潜在影响。2009爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful tool for generating 3-dimensional structural and functional image data. MRI has already proven valuable in creating atlases of mouse and quail development. Here, we have exploited high resolution MRI to determine the parameters necessary to acquire images of the chick embryo eye. Using a 9.4 Tesla (400 MHz) high field ultra-shielded and refrigerated magnet (Bruker), MRI was carried out on paraformaldehyde-fixed chick embryos or heads at E4, E6, E8, and E10. Image data were processed using established and custom packages (MRICro, ImageJ, ParaVision, Bruker and mri3dX). Voxel dimensions ranged from 62.5 mu m to 117.2 mu m. We subsequently used the images obtained from the MRI data in order to make precise measurements of chick embryo eye surface area, volume and axial length from E4 to E10. MRI was validated for accurate sizing of ocular tissue features by direct comparison with previously published literature. Furthermore, we demonstrate the utility of high resolution MRI for making accurate measurements of morphological changes due to experimental manipulation of chick eye development, thereby facilitating a better understanding of the effects on chick embryo eye development and growth of such manipulations. Chondroitin sulphate or heparin were microinjected into the vitreous cavity of the right eyes of each of 3 embryos at E5. At E10, embryos were fixed and various eye parameters (volume, surface area, axial length and equatorial diameter) were determined using MRI and normalised with respect to the un-injected left eyes. Statistically significant alterations in eye volume (p < 0.05; increases with chondroitin sulphate and decreases with heparin) and changes in vitreous homogeneity were observed in embryos following microinjection of glycosaminoglycans. Furthermore, in the heparin-injected eyes, significant disturbances at the vitreo-retinal boundary were observed as well as retinal folding and detachment confirming histological observations. These data reveal the utility and superiority of MRI for producing images enabling quantification of experimentally induced changes in eye volume and structure. The results indicate that MRI is an important tool that could become a routine approach for rapid and sensitive phenotypic analysis of normal chick ocular development and morphology as well as potentially the effects of surgical or genetic manipulations of chick embryo eyes in live embryos in ovo. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.