Role and regulation of autophagy in cancer.
Role and regulation of autophagy in cancer.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbamcr.2008.12.013
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发表时间：
2009-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Karantza-Wadsworth V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen N;Karantza-Wadsworth V
自噬是一种进化上保守的过程，细胞质和细胞器在溶酶体中降解，以回收氨基酸和能量。自噬是在营养剥夺和其他应激刺激（如代谢应激和暴露于抗癌药物）下激活的一种生存途径。然而，自噬也可能导致细胞死亡，如果它继续完成。自噬缺陷与肿瘤发生有关，因为自噬的基本调节因子beclin 1在人类乳腺癌、卵巢癌和前列腺癌中存在单等位基因缺失，而beclin 1+/ -小鼠易患肿瘤。自噬如何抑制肿瘤发生正在深入研究中。迄今为止，已经发现了涉及保护基因组完整性和稳定性的细胞自主机制，以及涉及抑制坏死和炎症的非细胞自主机制。自噬在治疗反应性中的作用也很复杂。自噬抑制与化疗或放疗同时进行已成为癌症治疗的一种新方法，因为具有自噬能力的肿瘤细胞在药物和辐射诱导的应激下依赖自噬存活。另外，通过维持蛋白质和细胞器质量控制，抑制DNA损伤和基因组不稳定性，以及限制坏死相关炎症，自噬刺激和保存细胞健康可能在癌症预防中发挥关键作用。
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process whereby cytoplasm and cellular organelles are degraded in lysosomes for amino acid and energy recycling. Autophagy is a survival pathway activated in response to nutrient deprivation and other stressful stimuli, such as metabolic stress and exposure to anticancer drugs. However, autophagy may also result in cell death, if it proceeds to completion. Defective autophagy is implicated in tumorigenesis, as the essential autophagy regulator beclin 1 is monoallelically deleted in human breast, ovarian and prostate cancers, and beclin 1+/− mice are tumor-prone. How autophagy suppresses tumorigenesis is under intense investigation. Cell-autonomous mechanisms, involving protection of genome integrity and stability, and a non-cell-autonomous mechanism, involving suppression of necrosis and inflammation, have been discovered so far. The role of autophagy in treatment responsiveness is also complex. Autophagy inhibition concurrently with chemotherapy or radiotherapy has emerged as a novel approach in cancer treatment, as autophagy-competent tumor cells depend on autophagy for survival under drug- and radiation-induced stress. Alternatively, autophagy stimulation and preservation of cellular fitness bymaintenance of protein and organelle quality control, suppression of DNA damage and genomic instability, and limitation of necrosis-associated inflammation may play a critical role in cancer prevention.
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影响因子：
7.8
作者：
Demarchi, Francesca;Bertoli, Cosetta;Copetti, Tamara;Tanida, Isei;Brancolini, Claudio;Eskelinen, Eeva-Liisa;Schneider, Claudio
通讯作者：
Schneider, Claudio
影响因子：
12.4
作者：
Criollo, A.;Maiuri, M. C.;Kroemer, G.
通讯作者：
Kroemer, G.
影响因子：
11.2
作者：
Apel, Anja;Herr, Ingrid;Mayer, Andreas
通讯作者：
Mayer, Andreas
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Cuddeback, SM;Yamaguchi, H;Wang, HG
通讯作者：
Wang, HG
影响因子：
11.2
作者：
Feng, Zhaohui;Hu, Wenwei;Levine, Arnold J.
通讯作者：
Levine, Arnold J.