Behavioral training of marmosets and electrophysiological recording from the cerebellum
Behavioral training of marmosets and electrophysiological recording from the cerebellum
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.00389.2019
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Shadmehr, Reza
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sedaghat-Nejad, Ehsan;Herzfeld, David J.;Shadmehr, Reza
普通狨猴（Callithrix jacchus）是研究灵长类动物行为神经生理基础的一种有前景的新模型。像其他灵长类动物一样，它依靠跳眼运动来监测和探索环境。以前的报告已经证明，在实验室中训练狨猴产生目标导向的动作取得了一些成功。然而，每次试验的数量相对较少，因此限制了狨猴作为行为和神经生理学研究模型的效用。在这篇文章中，我们报告了一系列新的行为训练和神经生理学方案的结果，这些方案旨在增加每次从小脑记录的试验次数。为了提高训练效果，我们设计了一种精确校准的食物调节机制，激励受试者执行扫视任务，从而在每天的基础上进行类似1000次奖励驱动试验。然后，我们开发了一种多通道记录系统，该系统使用成像来瞄准小脑的期望区域，允许同时分离蚓中的多个浦肯野细胞。在本报告中，我们描述了1)计算机断层扫描（CT）引导下的受试者特异性头部支架的设计和手术植入，2)安装在绝对编码器微驱动器上的CT和mri引导电极轨迹引导的对准工具的设计，3)受试者行为训练方案的开发，以及4)在扫视任务期间对浦肯野细胞的同步记录。新的值得注意的狨猴为研究灵长类动物的遗传神经疾病提供了机会，特别是影响社会行为、声音交流和眼球运动的疾病。所有这些行为都依赖于小脑的完整性。我们提出了更好地激励受试者的训练方法，从而提高了表现，我们还提出了精确地针对受试者小脑的电生理技术，允许同时分离多个浦肯野细胞。
The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is a promising new model for study of neurophysiological basis of behavior in primates. Like other primates, it relies on saccadic eye movements to monitor and explore its environment. Previous reports have demonstrated some success in training marmosets to produce goal-directed actions in the laboratory. However, the number of trials per session has been relatively small, thus limiting the utility of marmosets as a model for behavioral and neurophysiological studies. In this article, we report the results of a series of new behavioral training and neurophysiological protocols aimed at increasing the number of trials per session while recording from the cerebellum. To improve the training efficacy, we designed a precisely calibrated food regulation regime that motivates the subjects to perform saccade tasks, resulting in similar to 1,000 reward-driven trials on a daily basis. We then developed a multichannel recording system that uses imaging to target a desired region of the cerebellum, allowing for simultaneous isolation of multiple Purkinje cells in the vermis. In this report, we describe 1) the design and surgical implantation of a computer tomography (CT)-guided, subject-specific head post, 2) the design of a CT- and MRI-guided alignment tool for trajectory guidance of electrodes mounted on an absolute encoder microdrive, 3) development of a protocol for behavioral training of subjects, and 4) simultaneous recordings from pairs of Purkinje cells during a saccade task.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Marmosets present the opportunity to investigate genetically based neurological disease in primates, in particular, diseases that affect social behaviors, vocal communication, and eye movements. All of these behaviors depend on the integrity of the cerebellum. We present training methods that better motivate the subjects, allowing for improved performance, and we also present electrophysiological techniques that precisely target the subject's cerebellum, allowing for simultaneous isolation of multiple Purkinje cells.