Role of Task-Directed Attention in Nonconscious and Conscious Response Priming by Form and Color
Role of Task-Directed Attention in Nonconscious and Conscious Response Priming by Form and Color
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DOI：
10.1037/a0017166
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发表时间：
2010-02-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Shooner, Christopher R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tapia, Evelina;Breitmeyer, Bruno G.;Shooner, Christopher R.
先前关于视觉启动的研究表明，在无意识加工过程中，注意力可以被引导到单一刺激维度，如形状或颜色。在目前的实验中，通过使用掩蔽技术将无意识启动与有意识启动进行比较，这种技术使质数对观察者不可见(遮盖)或可见(未遮盖)。观察者被要求对掩模的形状、颜色或形状和颜色的组合做出反应--在掩模或非掩模质数之后的探头。质数相对于掩模探头在形状和颜色一致性方面各不相同。结果表明：(1)在无意识加工过程中，与任务无关的刺激特征可以被有意识地过滤掉；(2)在无意识加工过程中，只有分离的刺激特征被注意到；(3)在有意识加工过程中，可以注意到组成一个物体的刺激特征的结合。此外，研究结果还表明，在无意识水平上，刺激是在个体特征水平上被加工的，而在意识水平上，刺激还可以在整体水平上被加工。
Prior research on visual priming suggests that during nonconscious processing attention can be directed to single stimulus dimensions such as form or color. In the current experiment, nonconscious priming was compared to conscious priming by employing masking techniques that render primes invisible (masked) or visible (unmasked) to the observers. Observers were asked to respond to the form, the color, or the combination of form and color of the mask-probe that followed either a masked or an unmasked prime. The prime varied in its form and color congruency relative to the mask-probe. The results indicate (1) that during nonconscious processinga task-irrelevant stimulus feature can be attentionally filtered out, (2) that during nonconscious processing only separated stimulus features can be attended, and (3) that during conscious processing the conjunction of stimulus features comprising an object can be attended. Furthermore, the results indicate that at the nonconscious level stimuli are processed at an individual-feature level, while at the conscious level the stimuli can additionally be processed at a whole-object level.