Bacterial Small RNA Regulators: Versatile Roles and Rapidly Evolving Variations
Bacterial Small RNA Regulators: Versatile Roles and Rapidly Evolving Variations
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a003798
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Storz, Gisela
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gottesman, Susan;Storz, Gisela
小RNA调节子（Small RNA regulators，sRNA）在细菌中广泛存在，并在许多过程中发挥重要的调节作用。sRNA的主要家族包括真正的反义RNA，从与它们调节的mRNA互补的链合成，也通过配对起作用但与它们的靶标具有有限互补性的sRNA，以及通过结合并影响蛋白质活性来调节蛋白质的sRNA。具有有限互补性的sRNA在其调节多种mRNA的活性和稳定性的能力方面类似于真核microRNA。在许多细菌物种中，需要RNA伴侣Hfq来促进这些sRNA与其靶mRNA之间的配对。理解调控sRNA的进化仍然是一个挑战; sRNA基因显示出复制和水平转移的证据，但也可能是从tRNA、mRNA或随机转录进化而来的。
Small RNA regulators (sRNAs) have been identified in a wide range of bacteria and found to play critical regulatory roles in many processes. The major families of sRNAs include true antisense RNAs, synthesized from the strand complementary to the mRNA they regulate, sRNAs that also act by pairing but have limited complementarity with their targets, and sRNAs that regulate proteins by binding to and affecting protein activity. The sRNAs with limited complementarity are akin to eukaryotic microRNAs in their ability to modulate the activity and stability of multiple mRNAs. In many bacterial species, the RNA chaperone Hfq is required to promote pairing between these sRNAs and their target mRNAs. Understanding the evolution of regulatory sRNAs remains a challenge; sRNA genes show evidence of duplication and horizontal transfer but also could be evolved from tRNAs, mRNAs or random transcription.