DNA Damage Response and Cell Cycle Regulation in Pluripotent Stem Cells.

DNA Damage Response and Cell Cycle Regulation in Pluripotent Stem Cells.
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DOI:
10.3390/genes12101548
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发表时间:
2021-09-29
期刊:
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Lee YL
Lee YL
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen ACH;Peng Q;Fong SW;Lee KC;Yeung WSB;Lee YL

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多能干细胞 (PSC) 由于其多能特性和无限增殖的能力,在细胞治疗中具有广阔的前景。源自内细胞团 (ICM) 的胚胎干细胞 (ESC) 具有独特的细胞周期控制和缩短的 G1 期。此外,ESCs高表达同源重组(HR)相关蛋白,这些蛋白通过HR或非同源末端连接(NHEJ)途径修复双链断裂(DSB)。另一方面,通过转录因子(Oct4、Sox2、Klf4、c-Myc)的强制表达来产生诱导多能干细胞(iPSC)伴随着氧化应激和DNA损伤。因此,DSB 的 DNA 修复机制对于确定 iPSC 生成的基因组稳定性和效率至关重要。维持 PSC 的基因组稳定性在 PSC 的增殖和多能性中起着关键作用。在治疗应用方面,基因组稳定性是降低由于细胞复制异常而导致癌症发生的风险的关键。多年来,我们和其他小组已经确定了 PSC 中 DNA 损伤反应的重要调节因子,包括 FOXM1、SIRT1 和 PUMA。它们通过参与细胞周期调节的下游靶标(P53、CDK1)的转录调节发挥作用。在这里,我们回顾了 PSC 特异性 HR 过程和 DNA 损伤反应之间的基本联系,重点关注 FOXM1 和 SIRT1 在维持基因组完整性方面的作用。
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) hold great promise in cell-based therapy because of their pluripotent property and the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) derived from inner cell mass (ICM) possess unique cell cycle control with shortened G1 phase. In addition, ESCs have high expression of homologous recombination (HR)-related proteins, which repair double-strand breaks (DSBs) through HR or the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway. On the other hand, the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by forced expression of transcription factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc) is accompanied by oxidative stress and DNA damage. The DNA repair mechanism of DSBs is therefore critical in determining the genomic stability and efficiency of iPSCs generation. Maintaining genomic stability in PSCs plays a pivotal role in the proliferation and pluripotency of PSCs. In terms of therapeutic application, genomic stability is the key to reducing the risks of cancer development due to abnormal cell replication. Over the years, we and other groups have identified important regulators of DNA damage response in PSCs, including FOXM1, SIRT1 and PUMA. They function through transcription regulation of downstream targets (P53, CDK1) that are involved in cell cycle regulations. Here, we review the fundamental links between the PSC-specific HR process and DNA damage response, with a focus on the roles of FOXM1 and SIRT1 on maintaining genomic integrity.
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