CORRELATES OF IMPAIRED FUNCTION IN OLDER WOMEN
CORRELATES OF IMPAIRED FUNCTION IN OLDER WOMEN
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1532-5415.1994.tb04968.x
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发表时间：
1994-05-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
CUMMINGS, SR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ENSRUD, KE;NEVITT, MC;CUMMINGS, SR
目的：探讨老年妇女功能受损的相关因素。设计：针对骨质疏松性骨折危险因素的多中心前瞻性研究收集的基线数据进行横断面分析。环境：俄勒冈州波特兰、明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯、马里兰州巴尔的摩和宾夕法尼亚州莫农加希拉山谷的四个临床中心。参与者：共有9704名65岁及以上的非黑人流动妇女，从基于人口的列表中招募。测量方法：自变量，包括人口统计学和历史信息（医疗条件、健康习惯和药物）和生理测量（人体测量、血压、精神状态、视力和神经肌肉表现），从基线线索、问卷调查、访谈和检查中获得。功能测量通过自我报告进行六项日常生活体力和工具活动（ADL）的能力来评估，功能受损（因变量）定义为难以进行三项或更多体力和工具活动。结果：联想强度按降序排列；髋部骨折、骨关节炎、帕金森病、走路速度慢、髋外展力低、背部疼痛、更大的quette指数、骨质疏松症、曾经饮酒、中风、从不饮酒、精神状态较差、使用抗焦虑药和/或安眠药、无法保持连体姿势、体位性头晕、白内障、腰臀比较大、过去一年体育活动较少、终生吸烟较多、在多变量分析中，较低的握力与功能受损独立相关。年龄、低教育水平、糖尿病、当前大量饮酒、体位性低血压、深度知觉和对比敏感性不是独立的预测因素。神经肌肉性能测量的组合，包括肌肉力量下降、平衡和步态受损，似乎可以解释年龄对残疾的影响。结论：许多因素的组合，包括医疗条件，健康习惯，如肥胖，吸烟，戒酒，缺乏运动，以及神经肌肉功能的直接测量与老年妇女的功能受损有关。
Objective: To determine the factors associated with impaired function in older women.Design: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data collected for a multicenter, prospective study of risk factors for osteoporotic fractures.Setting: Four clinical centers in Portland, Oregon, Minneapolis, Minnesota, Baltimore, Maryland, and the Monongahela Valley, Pennsylvania.Participants: A total of 9,704 ambulatory, non-black women, aged 65 years and older, recruited from population-based listings.Measurements: Independent variables, including demographic and historical information (medical conditions, health habits, and medications) and physiologic measures (anthropometry, blood pressure, mental status, vision, and neuromuscular performance) were obtained from a baseline clues tionnaire, interview, and examination. Measurement of function was assessed by self-reported ability to perform six physical and instrumental activities of daily living (ADL) and impaired function (dependent variable) was defined as difficulty performing three or more physical and instrumental ADLs.Results: In order of decreasing strength of association; hip fracture, osteoarthritis, parkinsonism, slower walking speed, lower hip abduction force, back pain, greater Quetelet index, osteoporosis, former alcohol use, stroke, never drinking alcohol, lower mental status, use of anxiolytics and/or sleeping medications, inability to hold the tandem position, postural dizziness, cataracts, greater waist to hip ratio, lower physical activity in the past year, greater lifetime cigarette consumption, and lower grip strength were independently associated with impaired function in multivariate analyses. Age, low educational level, diabetes, current heavy alcohol use, postural hypotension, depth perception, and contrast sensitivity were not independent predictors. A combination of neuromuscular performance measures, including decreased muscle strength and impaired balance and gait, appeared to account for the effect of age on disability.Conclusion: A combination of many factors, including medical conditions, health habits such as obesity, smoking, alcohol abstinence, and physical inactivity, and direct measures of neuromuscular performance are associated with impaired function in older women.