Assessing the Influence of Traffic-related Air Pollution on Risk of Term Low Birth Weight on the Basis of Land-Use-based Regression Models and Measures of Air Toxics
Assessing the Influence of Traffic-related Air Pollution on Risk of Term Low Birth Weight on the Basis of Land-Use-based Regression Models and Measures of Air Toxics
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DOI：
10.1093/aje/kwr469
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发表时间：
2012-06-15
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Ritz, Beate
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ghosh, Jo Kay C.;Wilhelm, Michelle;Ritz, Beate
很少有研究探讨了交通废气中的有毒空气污染物（空气毒物）与出生结局的关系。这项研究包括1995年1月1日至2006年12月31日期间出生的8，181名足月低出生体重（LBW）儿童和370，922名足月正常体重儿童，这些儿童的母亲居住在加州洛杉矶县空气毒性监测站5英里（8公里）范围内。此外，土地利用为基础的回归（LUR）建模的一氧化氮，二氧化氮和氮氧化物的水平估计用于评估交通污染的小面积变化的影响。作者使用logistic回归分析对足月低出生体重（妊娠≥ 37周且出生体重<2，500 g）与母亲年龄、种族/民族、教育、产次、婴儿胎龄和胎龄平方进行了校正。在整个妊娠期、妊娠晚期和妊娠最后一个月，LUR模型估计值和基于监测的空气有毒物质暴露估计值每增加一个四分位数，足月低出生体重的几率增加2%-5%（95%置信区间范围为1.00 - 1.09）。按监测站分层的模型（仅基于时间变化调查空气毒性相关性）导致妊娠晚期苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯暴露的每四分位距增加的几率增加2%-5%，某些置信区间包含空值。这项分析强调了在流行病学出生结果研究中空间和时间对空气污染的重要性。
Few studies have examined associations of birth outcomes with toxic air pollutants (air toxics) in traffic exhaust. This study included 8,181 term low birth weight (LBW) children and 370,922 term normal-weight children born between January 1, 1995, and December 31, 2006, to women residing within 5 miles (8 km) of an air toxics monitoring station in Los Angeles County, California. Additionally, land-use-based regression (LUR)-modeled estimates of levels of nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and nitrogen oxides were used to assess the influence of small-area variations in traffic pollution. The authors examined associations with term LBW (>= 37 weeks' completed gestation and birth weight < 2,500 g) using logistic regression adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, education, parity, infant gestational age, and gestational age squared. Odds of term LBW increased 2%-5% (95% confidence intervals ranged from 1.00 to 1.09) per interquartile-range increase in LUR-modeled estimates and monitoring-based air toxics exposure estimates in the entire pregnancy, the third trimester, and the last month of pregnancy. Models stratified by monitoring station (to investigate air toxics associations based solely on temporal variations) resulted in 2%-5% increased odds per interquartile-range increase in third-trimester benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylene exposures, with some confidence intervals containing the null value. This analysis highlights the importance of both spatial and temporal contributions to air pollution in epidemiologic birth outcome studies.