Nutrient availability and response of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) to controlled release N fertilizer on coastal lowland peat in the tropics
Nutrient availability and response of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) to controlled release N fertilizer on coastal lowland peat in the tropics
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DOI：
10.1080/00380768.2002.10409235
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发表时间：
2002-08-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Yoshida, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Purwanto, BH;Kakuda, K;Yoshida, T
西米（Metroxylon sagu Rottb.）发现生长在泥炭土上的棕榈树比生长在矿物质土上的棕榈树生长得更慢，产量更低。这种差异与泥炭土的物理和化学限制有关，包括低容重，高酸度，低N，P，K，Ca，Zn和Cu水平。在沿海低地泥炭土中，离海的距离被认为是土壤元素组成的重要决定因素。我们预测，在莲座期充足的N供应将促进西米棕榈生长，控释N肥施用的土壤中的N的有效性可能高于可溶性肥料处理的土壤。为了研究距海不同距离的泥炭土营养成分的变化及其对西米生长的影响，我们研究了印度尼西亚和马来西亚的西米种植区。为了观察氮对生长性能的影响，我们还在印度尼西亚沿海低地泥炭土上进行了肥料试验。离海的距离没有显着的影响，在土壤溶液中的阳离子浓度（除镁）或土壤交换性阳离子的水平。泥炭土表层交换性阳离子浓度与成熟叶片交换性阳离子浓度无显著差异。而K、Na、Ca在成熟叶片中的浓度随土壤溶液中浓度的增加而显著增加。这一发现意味着，在西米棕榈叶的阳离子浓度直接依赖于土壤溶液中的阳离子浓度。氮肥对株高和叶片形成无显著影响。氮肥施用一年两次并没有影响明显的叶面浓度的N确定在1998年12月（5个月后，首次申请）和1999年12月。2000年6月，我们检测到LP-100和尿素处理的棕榈幼叶中的N浓度显著高于对照叶片（P < 0.01）。而LP-100处理与尿素处理之间，成熟叶和幼叶中的氮浓度差异不显著。这一发现表明，在西米棕榈叶中的N的浓度增加与土壤中施加的N的水平，无论是作为控释肥料或以可溶性形式施加的N。我们预计，在下一个雨季，这些氮肥的效果可能会出现显着差异，当有一个相当大的损失可溶性氮。
Sago palms (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) growing on peat soils were found to grow more slowly and to show a lower production than palms growing on mineral soils. This difference was related to the physical and chemical constraints of peat soils, which include low bulk density, high acidity, and low N, P, K, Ca, Zn, and Cu levels. In coastal lowland peat soils, the distance from the sea has been found to be an important determinant of soil elemental composition. We predicted that a sufficient supply of N at the rosette stage would improve sago palm growth and that the availability of N in soil to which controlled release N fertilizer was applied might be higher than that in soil treated with soluble fertilizer. To investigate the changes in the nutrient composition of peat soils at various distances from the sea and the effect on sago palm growth, we studied sago palm areas in Indonesia and Malaysia. To observe the influence of N on the growth performance, we also conducted a fertilizer experiment on coastal lowland peat soil in Indonesia. Distance from the sea had no significant effect on the cation concentration in the soil solution (with the exception of Mg) or on the levels of soil-exchangeable cations. No significant differences were observed between the concentrations of exchangeable cations in surface peat soils and those in mature leaves. However, the concentrations of K, Na, and Ca in mature leaves increased significantly with their concentrations in the soil solution. This finding implies that the concentrations of cations in sago palm leaves depend directly on the concentrations of cations in the soil solution. No significant effect of N fertilizers on plant height and leaf formation was observed. N fertilizers applied twice a year did not affect appreciably the foliar concentration of N determined in December 1998 (5 months after the initial application) and December 1999. In June 2000, we detected a significantly higher concentration of N (P < 0.01) in young leaves of the palms treated with LP-100 or urea than in control leaves. However, no significant difference was detected between the LP-100 and urea treatments in the concentration of N in both mature and young leaves. This finding indicated that the concentration of N in sago palm leaves increased with the level of soil-applied N, regardless of whether N was applied as controlled release fertilizer or in the soluble form. We anticipate that a significant difference in the effects of these N fertilizers may occur during the next rainy season, when there should be a considerable loss of soluble N.