The population, agriculture, and environment nexus in Latin America: country-level evidence from the latter half of the twentieth century
The population, agriculture, and environment nexus in Latin America: country-level evidence from the latter half of the twentieth century
复制标题
拉丁美洲的人口、农业和环境关系：二十世纪后半叶国家一级的证据
DOI：
10.1007/s11111-009-0090-4
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Bilsborrow, Richard E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carr, David L.;Carla Lopez, Anna;Bilsborrow, Richard E.
在二十世纪后几十年，拉丁美洲空前的人口增长和移徙伴随着同样空前的土地利用和土地覆盖变化。用双变量统计检查了国家一级的数据，以确定1961年至2001年人口格局变化与土地利用（农业和森林覆盖）之间的关系。在这一期间，南美洲大片森林地区被砍伐，而中美洲/加勒比区域则普遍出现异常高的森林砍伐率。这些环境变化伴随着不同的初始人口密度和不同的人口变化对农业的影响。在与一系列政治、社会经济和地理过程相互作用的同时，马尔萨斯和Boserupian的人口过程似乎都是森林砍伐的重要驱动因素。鉴于人口增长持续放缓、城市消费增加以及未来土地利用限制，政策制定者在推进拉丁美洲可持续农业-人口动态方面面临着无数挑战。
Unprecedented population growth and migration accompanied equally unprecedented land use and land cover change in Latin America during the latter decades of the twentieth century. Country-level data are examined with bivariate statistics to determine relationships between changes in population patterns and land use (agriculture and forest cover) from 1961 to 2001. In South America, large forest areas were eliminated during the period, while exceptionally high rates of forest clearing were ubiquitous in the Central America/Caribbean region. These environmental changes accompanied dissimilar initial population densities and different effects of population change on agriculture. While interacting with a host of political, socio-economic, and geographic processes, it appears that both Malthusian and Boserupian demographic processes were important drivers of deforestation. Given continued, though slowing, population growth, increased urban consumption, and future land use constraints, policy makers face myriad challenges in advancing sustainable agriculture-population dynamics in Latin America.