International Organizations and Differentiated Universality: Reinvigorating Assessed Contributions in United Nations Funding
International Organizations and Differentiated Universality: Reinvigorating Assessed Contributions in United Nations Funding
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国际组织和有区别的普遍性：重振联合国经费中的分摊会费
DOI：
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Silke Weinlich
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sebastian Haug;N. Gulrajani;Silke Weinlich
本文以联合国系统为重点，探讨了国际组织的普遍性愿望与会员国筹资之间的联系。围绕财政投入作为所有权和集体分担责任的关键指标，我们表明，联合国分摊比额表为计算联合国秘书处、专门机构和其他联合国实体经常预算中的强制性会费提供了一个令人惊讶的稳定公式。我们认为，分摊比额表体现了对有区别的普遍性的承诺，因为它适用于所有会员国，同时考虑到它们之间的主要差异，特别是它们的人均收入和债务负担水平。尽管联合国预算的很大一部分目前依赖于少数富裕成员国的自愿捐款，因此与普遍性的雄心相去甚远，但我们认为，分摊会费是在一个不平衡的世界中实现多边普遍性的一个未得到充分利用的工具。我们提出四项具体措施，以加强和扩大分摊会费的使用，这有助于使联合国系统成为一套更具普遍性的国际组织。
This article examines the link between universality aspirations of international organizations and member state funding by focusing on the United Nations system. Centering on financial input as a key proxy for ownership and collectively shared responsibility, we show that the UN Scale of Assessments has provided a surprisingly stable formula for calculating obligatory membership fees in the regular budgets of the UN Secretariat, Specialized Agencies, and other UN entities. We argue that the Scale of Assessments embodies a commitment to differentiated universality as it applies to all member states while considering key differences among them, notably their levels of per capita income and debt burden. While large parts of UN budgets currently depend on voluntary contributions by a small number of wealthy member states and thus stray far from universality ambitions, we suggest that assessed contributions are an underexploited tool for operationalizing multilateral universality in an uneven world. We propose four concrete measures for strengthening and expanding the use of assessed contributions that can contribute to making the UN system a more universally owned set of international organizations.