Effects of altering flow and odor information on plume tracking behavior in walking cockroaches, Periplaneta americana (L.)
Effects of altering flow and odor information on plume tracking behavior in walking cockroaches, Periplaneta americana (L.)
复制标题
改变流量和气味信息对行走蟑螂羽流跟踪行为的影响，美洲大蠊 (L.)
DOI：
10.1242/jeb.016006
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Andrew S. Finnell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Willis;J. L. Avondet;Andrew S. Finnell
利用气味羽状物来定位资源的动物被一种有吸引力的气味激活来追踪这些羽状物，并且通常利用带有气味的流动空气或水的方向性线索来转向来源。我们让自由行走的雄性蟑螂美洲大蠊（Periplaneta americana）追踪空气中雌性信息素的羽状物，然后录像并分析它们在气味羽状物和风被独立操纵时的反应。在到达气味源一半的方向气流完全消失的情况下，羽流追踪雄蚊的表现变化不大，并且100%能够快速定位信息素源。相比之下，雄性在追踪羽毛时突然失去气味会迅速改变它们的行为；经常转向顺风方向，并沿着他们的步骤返回到释放点，或者在循环中行走，但很少移动到顺风方向到源的前一个位置。在随后的实验中，为了确定对先前经历过的风向的记忆是否能提供定位气味来源所需的方向信息，我们让雄性在零风条件下追踪羽毛，并预先将它们暴露在：(1)风和信息素，(2)只有风，(3)没有风和信息素。将这些结果与追踪风传信息素羽流的雄性进行比较，在这种情况下，所有雄性都能找到信息素的来源。我们的研究结果表明，雄性在羽毛追踪过程中需要同时检测风和信息素，以便快速有效地定位气味来源。这些结果与飞蛾追踪风传信息素羽流的结果一致，并表明这种行为背后的控制系统需要在行为表现期间持续不断地同时体验风和气味信息才能有效运作。
SUMMARY Animals using odor plumes to locate resources are activated to track these plumes by the presence of an attractive odor, and typically steer toward the source using directional cues from the flowing air or water bearing the odor. We challenged freely walking virgin male cockroaches, Periplaneta americana, to track plumes of airborne female pheromone and then video-recorded and analyzed their responses as the odor plume and wind were independently manipulated. Plume tracking males that experienced the total loss of directional air flow halfway to the odor source showed little change in their performance, and 100% were able to quickly locate the pheromone source. By contrast, males experiencing a sudden loss of odor while tracking a plume rapidly changed their behavior; often turning downwind and retracing their steps to the release point, or walking in loops, but rarely moving upwind to the previous location of the source. In a subsequent experiment, in order to determine whether a memory of the previously experienced wind direction could provide the directional information necessary to locate an odor source, we challenged males to track plumes in zero wind after pre-exposing them to: (1) wind and pheromone, (2) wind only, and (3) neither wind nor pheromone. These were compared to males tracking a wind-borne pheromone plume, in which case, all males were able to locate the pheromone source. Our results show that males require the detection of wind and pheromone simultaneously during plume tracking in order to quickly and efficiently locate the odor source. These results are consistent with those reported from flying moths tracking wind-borne pheromone plumes, and suggest that the control system underlying this behavior requires ongoing simultaneous experience with wind and odor information during the performance of the behavior to operate efficiently.