'Native' Objects and Collaborators: Infants' Object Choices and Acts of Giving Reflect Favor for Native Over Foreign Speakers
'Native' Objects and Collaborators: Infants' Object Choices and Acts of Giving Reflect Favor for Native Over Foreign Speakers
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DOI：
10.1080/15248372.2011.567200
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Spelke, Elizabeth S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kinzler, Katherine D.;Dupoux, Emmanuel;Spelke, Elizabeth S.
婴儿很容易向成年人学习，并自发地与他们合作，但他们如何选择适合文化的教师和合作者？基于儿童表现出对母语使用者的社会偏好的证据，实验1向10个月大的婴儿展示了录像活动，其中一名母语者和一名外国使用者介绍了两种不同的玩具。当让婴儿在实物样本之间进行选择时，婴儿会优先选择母语人士模仿的玩具。在实验2中，两名2.5岁的儿童被呈现给母语和外语使用者相同的录像带，让他们玩一个游戏，游戏中他们可以把一个物体提供给两个人中的一个。孩子们会可靠地给母语为母语的人提供帮助。综上所述，研究结果表明，婴幼儿是有选择性的社会学习者和合作者，而语言为这种选择性提供了一个基础。
Infants learn from adults readily and cooperate with them spontaneously, but how do they select culturally appropriate teachers and collaborators? Building on evidence that children demonstrate social preferences for speakers of their native language, Experiment 1 presented 10-month-old infants with videotaped events in which a native and a foreign speaker introduced two different toys. When given a chance to choose between real exemplars of the objects, infants preferentially chose the toy modeled by the native speaker. In Experiment 2, 2.5-year-old children were presented with the same videotaped native and foreign speakers and played a game in which they could offer an object to one of two individuals. Children reliably gave to the native speaker. Together, the results suggest that infants and young children are selective social learners and cooperators and that language provides one basis for this selectivity.