A meta-analysis of the effects of ultraviolet B radiation and its synergistic interactions with pH, contaminants, and disease on amphibian survival
A meta-analysis of the effects of ultraviolet B radiation and its synergistic interactions with pH, contaminants, and disease on amphibian survival
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.00966.x
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Blaustein, Andrew R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bancroft, Betsy A.;Baker, Nick J.;Blaustein, Andrew R.
人类对自然系统的改变导致了世界各地生物多样性的丧失。两栖动物的数量损失比鸟类和哺乳动物更严重。两栖动物数量的下降可能是由于许多因素，包括栖息地丧失、疾病、污染物、引进物种和紫外线B（UVB）辐射。然而，UVB的影响在物种之间差异很大，并且可以在同一物种的种群内或在不同的生活史阶段变化。这种变化经常导致关于UVB如何影响两栖动物的相反结论。我们使用荟萃分析技术来探讨UVB辐射对两栖动物生存的总体影响。我们还使用最近开发的因子荟萃分析技术来量化UVB辐射和两栖动物的其他压力源之间的潜在相互作用。与屏蔽对照相比，紫外线B辐射使两栖动物的存活率降低了1.9倍。与胚胎相比，幼虫更容易受到UVB辐射的伤害，与青蛙和蟾蜍相比，蝾螈更容易受到伤害。此外，UVB辐射与其他环境压力相互作用协同，并导致大于累加效应的生存时，2个压力。我们的研究结果表明，UVB辐射是一个重要的压力在两栖动物，特别是在潜在的协同作用之间的UVB和其他压力在两栖动物栖息地。
Human alterations to natural systems have resulted in a loss of biological diversity around the world. Amphibian population losses have been more severe than those of birds and mammals. Amphibian population declines are likely due to many factors including habitat loss, disease, contaminants, introduced species and ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation. The effect of UVB, however, varies widely among species and can vary within populations of the same species or at different life-history stages. This variation has often led to opposing conclusions about how UVB affects amphibians. We used meta-analysis techniques to explore the overall effects of UVB radiation on survival in amphibians. We also used recently developed factorial meta-analytic techniques to quantify potential interactions between UVB radiation and other stressors on amphibians. Ultraviolet-B radiation reduced survival of amphibians by 1.9-fold compared with shielded controls. Larvae were more susceptible to damage from UVB radiation compared with embryos, and salamanders were more susceptible compared with frogs and toads. Furthermore, UVB radiation interacted synergistically with other environmental stressors and resulted in greater than additive effects on survival when 2 stressors were present. Our results suggest that UVB radiation is an important stressor in amphibians, particularly in light of potential synergisms between UVB and other stressors in amphibian habitats.