Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Battery Storage Systems for Stationary Applications
Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Battery Storage Systems for Stationary Applications
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DOI：
10.1021/es504572q
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发表时间：
2015-04-21
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Vogt, Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hiremath, Mitavachan;Derendorf, Karen;Vogt, Thomas
本文提出了一个比较的生命周期评估的累积能源需求（CED）和全球变暖的潜力（GWP）的四个固定电池技术：锂离子，铅酸，钠硫，钒氧化还原流。进行了分析，完全利用其循环寿命和六个不同的固定应用。由于其较低的CED和GWP影响，使用ReCiPe-2008方法对锂离子进行了定性分析，以评估其工艺链对17个中点影响类别的影响。研究发现，一般而言，电池的使用阶段对其生命周期的影响占主导地位。因此，仅在制造出口的质量或容量基础上比较电池的环境性能（"摇篮到大门分析"），而忽视其使用阶段的影响，特别是当它们具有不同的特征参数时，是误导性的。此外，在大多数情况下，电池的相对排名并没有显示出对所调查的固定应用场景的显著依赖性。根据所获得的结果，作者继续建议首先部署具有更高往返效率的电池，例如锂离子电池，用于固定电网运行。
This paper presents a comparative life cycle assessment of cumulative energy demand (CED) and global warming potential (GWP) of four stationary battery technologies: lithium-ion, lead-acid, sodium sulfur, and vanadium-redox-flow. The analyses were carried out for a complete utilization of their cycle life and for six different stationary applications. Due to its lower CED and GWP impacts, a qualitative analysis of lithium-ion was carried out to assess the impacts of its process chains on 17 midpoint impact categories using ReCiPe-2008 methodology. It was found that in general the use stage of batteries dominates their life cycle impacts significantly. It is therefore misleading to compare the environmental performance of batteries only on a mass or capacity basis at the manufacturing outlet ("cradle-to-gate analyses") while neglecting their use stage impacts, especially when they have different characteristic parameters. Furthermore, the relative ranking of batteries does not show a significant dependency on the investigated stationary application scenarios in most cases. Based on the results obtained, the authors go on to recommend the deployment of batteries with higher round-trip efficiency, such as lithium-ion, for stationary grid operation in the first instance.