Regional expression of neuropeptides in the retina of the terrestrial slug Limax valentianus (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Limacidae)
Regional expression of neuropeptides in the retina of the terrestrial slug Limax valentianus (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Limacidae)
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陆生蛞蝓 Limax valentianus（腹足纲、茎节纲、Limacidae）视网膜中神经肽的区域表达
DOI：
10.1002/cne.25296
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
and Matsuo Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matsuo R;and Matsuo Y
腹足类使用带有透镜的眼睛来探测周围的光线。视网膜包含直接投射到大脑的光感受器。在这里，我们确定了陆地鼻涕虫Limax中视网膜细胞用于投射到大脑的神经递质。我们鉴定了12个编码神经肽的基因，以及一个新的囊泡谷氨酸转运体，它是谷氨酸能神经元的标志，在视网膜细胞中表达。用原位杂交法测定神经肽基因的空间表达谱。WWamide/MIP1/Pedal多肽2在副视网膜神经元中共表达。在主视网膜，前激素-4在腹外侧区表达。Clion in在腹内侧区表达。在主视网膜前部和副视网膜均有足部多肽表达。Enterin在包括副视网膜在内的许多神经元中表达，但在背侧区域不表达。FxRIamide1和FxRIamide2在后部共表达。前激素-4突变体在许多神经元中均有表达，但在副视网膜中很少表达。MIP2广泛表达于主视网膜后外侧的背腹侧轴。Myo1在主要视网膜的许多神经元中表达，但主要在背侧区域表达。用神经肽的特异性抗体进行免疫组织化学染色，证实了这些表达模式。视神经免疫染色证实了这些肽能视网膜神经元的投射。我们目前的研究揭示了视网膜相对于视网膜细胞使用的神经递质的区域分化。
Gastropods use lens‐bearing eyes to detect ambient light. The retina contains photoreceptors that directly project to the brain. Here, we identified the neurotransmitters that the retinal cells use for projection to the brain in the terrestrial slugLimax. We identified 12 genes encoding neuropeptides as well as a novel vesicular glutamate transporter, a marker of glutamatergic neuron, expressed in the retinal cells. Spatial expression profiles of the neuropeptide genes were determined by in situ hybridization. WWamide/MIP1/Pedal peptide2 were coexpressed in the neurons of the accessory retina. In the main retina, prohormone‐4 was expressed in the ventrolateral region. Clionin was expressed in the ventromedial region. Pedal peptide was expressed in the anterior region of the main retina and in the accessory retina. Enterin was expressed in many neurons, including the accessory retina, but not in the dorsal region. FxRIamide1 and 2 were coexpressed in the posterior region. Prohormone‐4 variant was uniformly expressed in many neurons but scarcely in the accessory retina. MIP2 was widely expressed throughout the dorsoventral axis in the posteriolateral region of the main retina. Myo1 was expressed in many neurons of the main retina but predominantly in the dorsal region. These expression patterns were confirmed by immunohistochemistry with specific antibodies against the neuropeptides. Projections of these peptidergic retinal neurons were confirmed by immunostaining of the optic nerve. Our present study revealed regional differentiation of the retina with respect to the neurotransmitters that the retinal cells use.