Partner Abuse Worldwide
Partner Abuse Worldwide
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DOI：
10.1891/1946-6560.4.1.6
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Hamel, John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Esquivel-Santovena, Esteban Eugenio;Lambert, Teri L.;Hamel, John
在世界上许多关注其他问题（如饥荒和战争）和其他针对妇女的罪行（如荣誉谋杀、生殖器切割）的地方，对伴侣虐待的研究滞后。我们对发表在同行评议期刊上的学术文章以及美国和英语发达国家以外的政府机构发表的学术文章进行了全面的审查，这些文章提供了对亲密伴侣的身体、心理和性虐待以及后果、风险因素和态度的定量数据。162篇报道了来自亚洲、中东、非洲、拉丁美洲和欧洲的200多项研究的文章符合来自不同类型样本的纳入标准。大多数研究只报告了女性的受害情况，但有73项研究同时报告了男性和女性的受害情况。我们还对文献综述中的数据进行了分析，包括一项主要的跨国研究，以确定虐待盛行、社会因素和妇女赋权之间的关系。结果表明，伴侣虐待在世界范围内是一个普遍存在的问题，有多种原因。与美国相比，第三世界国家的虐待总体流行率更高，当考虑到所有类型的样本时，大多数国家的身体和心理虐待率在性别上是可比的。没有发现伴侣暴力率（PV）和一个国家的人类发展水平之间的显著关联。然而，国际约会暴力研究（IDVS）的大学约会样本发现，一个国家的性别赋权水平与男性和女性的PV率之间存在显著关系。此外，对IDVS的一项分析表明，一方试图支配另一方的努力与女性的身体虐待行为呈正相关，但与男性无关。本综述的局限性之一是相对较少的大型人口研究询问了男性和女性的犯罪和受害以及PV的后果和背景。这些发现的含义包括需要更广泛地概念化PV，它不仅是一个性别问题，而且（可能主要）是一个人类问题。
Research on partner abuse has lagged in much of the world where attention has been on other problems (such as famine and war) and other crimes against women (e.g., honor killings, genital mutilation). We conducted a sweeping review of scholarly articles published in peer-reviewed journals and by government agencies outside of the United States and English-speaking developed nations that provided quantitative data on physical, psychological, and sexual abuse of intimate partners as well as consequences, risk factors, and attitudes. One hundred sixty-two articles reporting on more than 200 studies in Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Latin America, and Europe met the inclusion criteria from various types of samples. Most of the studies reported on female victimization only, but 73 reported on both male and female victimization.We also conducted an analysis of data from our literature review, including 1 major cross-national study, to determine the relationship among prevalence of abuse, social factors, and women's empowerment. Results - indicate that partner abuse is a widespread problem around the world, with multiple causes. Overall prevalence of abuse is higher in Third World countries compared to the United States, and rates for physical and psychological abuse are comparable across gender in most countries when all types of samples are considered. No significant association was found between rates of partner violence (PV) and a nation's level of human development. However, a significant relationship was found between a nation's level of gender empowerment and rates of PV by both males and females but only for university dating samples from the International Dating Violence Study (IDVS). In addition, an analysis of the IDVS indicates that efforts by 1 partner to dominate the other are positively correlated with physical abuse perpetration for women, but not for men. Among the limitations of this review was the relatively few numbers of large population studies that ask about both male and female perpetration and victimization and the consequences and context of PV. Implications of the findings include the need for a broader conceptualization of PV as not merely a gender problem but also (and perhaps primarily) a human problem.