Age and sex influence the activation-dependent stiffness of the pectoralis major.
Age and sex influence the activation-dependent stiffness of the pectoralis major.
复制标题
年龄和性别影响胸大肌的激活依赖性僵硬度。
DOI：
10.1111/joa.13455
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Lipps,DavidB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Setlock,CherylA;Lulic-Kuryllo,Tea;Leonardis,JoshuaM;Kulik,Madison;Lipps,DavidB
胸大肌的主要纤维区域对肩部复合体的灵活性和稳定性有独特的贡献。目前尚不清楚年龄和性别如何在意志性收缩中影响这些区域的僵硬，但这一知识对于指导针对胸大肌的临床干预至关重要。本研究的目的是确定胸大肌主要纤维区的激活依赖性僵硬是否在性别之间存在差异，以及它是否随着年龄的变化而改变。应用超声剪切波弹性成像技术测量48例健康受试者锁骨和胸骨纤维区的剪切波速度，其中青年组24例(男12例，女12例，平均年龄25±4.1岁)，老年人24例(男12例，女12例，平均年龄55±33.6岁)。受试者在中立位和90°外旋肩位，以及两种肩外展位之一(60°和90°)，在不同扭矩大小(被动，最大自主收缩的15%和30%)下进行垂直内收和水平屈曲扭矩。对每个纤维区域和肩部位置运行单独的线性混合效应模型，以确定依赖激活的僵硬是否在性别之间不同，以及在老年人中是否发生改变。在两个纤维区都观察到了意志收缩过程中与年龄相关的僵硬变化，并与任务有关。年龄导致的激活依赖性僵硬的改变在女性中比男性更明显。此外，在两个纤维区的意志收缩过程中，女性比男性有更大的僵硬。目前的发现提供了第一条证据，表明胸大肌主要纤维区的激活依赖的僵硬程度受到性别的影响，并随着年龄的变化而变化。
The pectoralis major fiber regions contribute uniquely to the mobility and the stability of the shoulder complex. It is unknown how age and sex influence the stiffness of these regions during volitional contractions, but this knowledge is critical to inform clinical interventions targeting the pectoralis major. The aim of the present study was to determine if the activation‐dependent stiffness of the pectoralis major fiber regions differs between the sexes and if it is altered with age. Ultrasound shear wave elastography was used to acquire shear wave velocity from the clavicular and the sternocostal fiber regions of 48 healthy participants, including 24 younger (12 males, 12 females, mean ± SD age 25 ± 4.1 years) and 24 older adults (12 males, 12 females, 55 ± 3.6 years). Participants performed vertical adduction and horizontal flexion torques in neutral and 90° externally rotated shoulder positions, and one of the two shoulder abduction positions (60° and 90°) at varying torque magnitudes (passive, 15% and 30% of maximal voluntary contraction). Separate linear mixed‐effects models were run for each fiber region and shoulder position to determine if the activation‐dependent stiffness differed between the sexes and was altered in older adults. Age‐related alterations in stiffness during volitional contractions were observed in both fiber regions and were dependent on the task. Alterations in activation‐dependent stiffness due to age were more pronounced in females than males. Additionally, females had greater stiffness than males during volitional contractions in both fiber regions. The present findings provide the first line of evidence that the activation‐dependent stiffness of the pectoralis major fiber regions is influenced by sex and changes with age.