Along-strike variations in protothrust zone characteristics at the Nankai Trough subduction margin

Along-strike variations in protothrust zone characteristics at the Nankai Trough subduction margin
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南海海槽俯冲边缘原逆冲带特征的沿走向变化

DOI:
10.1130/ges02305.1
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
Kodaira, Shuichi
Kodaira, Shuichi
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tilley, Hannah L.;Moore, Gregory F.;Yamashita, Mikiya;Kodaira, Shuichi

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新的高分辨率地震反射数据对南海海槽增生棱柱趾部的原逆断层带的显着沿走向变化进行了成像。原逆断层带的宽度沿走向变化很大;两个空间上离散的节段具有较宽的原逆断层带(∼3.3–7.8 km,∼50–110 个原逆断层),两个节段几乎没有原逆断层带(∼0.5–2.8 km,<20 个原逆断层)。最宽的原逆冲断层带出现在沉积物楔和俯冲浊积岩包最宽、最厚的区域,两者均受基底地形的影响。海沟楔的尺寸和岩性、俯冲部分的岩性以及基底地形都会影响海沟楔的固结速率,我们假设这是对原逆冲带的存在和宽度的重要控制。我们得出的结论是,原逆断层是当沟槽填充沉积物固结时从变形带簇中的剪切面形成的裂缝。应变局部化发生在原逆冲层密度较高的位置,这些位置成为未来锋面推力传播的可能位置。与具有狭窄或无原逆冲区域的区域相比,与较宽的原逆冲区域相邻的正面推力可以以较低的应变累积向前传播。这反映在增生棱柱几何形状中,其中宽的原逆冲层区域出现在断层传播褶皱附近,具有浅棱柱趾表面坡度。
Significant along-strike changes in the protothrust zone at the toe of the Nankai Trough accretionary prism were imaged in new high-resolution seismic reflection data. The width of the protothrust zone varies greatly along strike; two spatially discrete segments have a wide protothrust zone (∼3.3–7.8 km, ∼50–110 protothrusts), and two segments have almost no protothrust zone (∼0.5–2.8 km, <20 protothrusts). The widest protothrust zone occurs in the region with the widest and thickest sediment wedge and subducting turbidite package, both of which are influenced by basement topography. The trench wedge size and lithology, the lithology of the subducting section, and the basement topography all influence the rate of consolidation in the trench wedge, which we hypothesize is an important control over the presence and width of the protothrust zone. We conclude that protothrusts are fractures that form from shear surfaces in deformation band clusters as the trench fill sediment is consolidated. Strain localization occurs at sites with a high density of protothrusts, which become the probable locations of future frontal thrust propagation. The frontal thrust may propagate forward with a lower buildup of strain where it is adjacent to a wide protothrust zone than at areas with a narrow or no protothrust zone. This is reflected in the accretionary prism geometry, where wide protothrust zones occur adjacent to fault-propagation folds with shallow prism toe surface slopes.
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