Affective and Deliberative Processes in Risky Choice: Age Differences in Risk Taking in the Columbia Card Task
Affective and Deliberative Processes in Risky Choice: Age Differences in Risk Taking in the Columbia Card Task
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DOI：
10.1037/a0014983
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Weber, Elke U.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Figner, Bernd;Mackinlay, Rachael J.;Weber, Elke U.
作者在4个实验中调查了13至16岁和17至19岁的青少年和成年人的风险承担和潜在信息使用情况，使用了一种新的动态风险承担任务，即哥伦比亚卡片任务（CCT）。作者研究了两个版本的CCT下的情感与审议过程的差异参与的风险承担。构成了最直接的测试的双系统的解释，青少年的风险承担在文献中。“热”CCT被设计为触发更多的情感决策，而“冷”CCT被设计为触发更多的深思熟虑的决策。通过自我报告和皮肤电活动评估，建立了2个CCT版本中情感与审议过程的差异参与。增加青少年的冒险行为，加上简化的信息使用，被发现在炎热的条件下，而不是寒冷的条件。唤醒需求只在炎热的条件下预测冒险行为，而执行功能预测寒冷条件下的信息使用。结果是一致的，最近的双系统解释的风险承担其结果之间的竞争情感过程和审议的认知控制过程，与青少年的情感系统往往凌驾于审议系统的状态下，情绪唤醒。
The authors investigated risk taking and underlying information use in 13- to 16- and 17- to 19-year-old adolescents and in adults in 4 experiments, using a novel dynamic risk-taking task, the Columbia Card Task (CCT). The authors investigated risk taking under differential involvement of affective versus deliberative processes with 2 versions of the CCT. constituting the most direct test of a dual-system explanation of adolescent risk taking in the literature so far. The "hot" CCT was designed to trigger more affective decision making, whereas the "cold" CCT was designed to trigger more deliberative decision making. Differential involvement of affective versus deliberative processes in the 2 CCT versions was established by self-reports and assessment of electrodermal activity. Increased adolescent risk taking, coupled with simplified information use, was found in the hot but not the cold condition. Need-for-arousal predicted risk taking only in the hot condition, whereas executive functions predicted information use in the cold condition. Results are consistent with recent dual-system explanations of risk taking its the result of competition between affective processes and deliberative cognitive-control processes, with adolescents' affective system tending to override the deliberative system in states of heightened emotional arousal.