Feminist disability studies
Feminist disability studies
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DOI：
10.1086/423352
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Garland-Thomson, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Garland-Thomson, R
什么是女性主义残疾研究？它不仅仅是关于残疾妇女的研究和学术研究，正如女权主义学术研究超越了妇女，批判性地分析了整个性别体系。就像女性主义研究本身一样，女性主义残疾研究是一项具有尖锐政治边缘和有力批评的学术文化工作。女权主义残疾研究希望打破对残疾人的陈旧刻板印象。它试图挑战我们对残疾人生活的主导假设。它将残疾经历置于权利和排斥的背景下。它渴望找回被忽视的声音和被歪曲的经历。它帮助我们理解身体和自我之间错综复杂的关系。它阐明了身份形成的社会过程。它旨在使残疾变性。简而言之，女性主义残疾研究重新想象了残疾。女性主义挑战了女性是生理和心理缺陷或宪法不受控制的自然形式的信念。女权主义残疾研究同样质疑我们的假设，即残疾是缺陷，缺乏或过度。为此，它从社会而非医学角度对残疾进行了广泛的定义。它认为，残疾是对人类差异的文化解释，而不是固有的自卑，一种需要治愈的病理学或一种需要消除的不良特征。换句话说，它发现残疾在身体与其社会和物质环境之间的相互作用中具有重要意义。通过探索社会认为残疾的身体的文化意义，女性主义残疾研究做了大量的批判性文化工作。第一，它将残疾理解为一种排斥制度，侮辱人的差异。其次，它揭示了我们认为残疾的身体所产生的社区和身份。第三，它揭示了针对这些机构的歧视性态度和做法。第四，它将残疾作为一个社会分析范畴。第五，它将残疾视为权力关系的影响。女权主义残疾研究表明，残疾-类似于种族和性别-是一个代表系统，
Just what is feminist disability studies? It is more than research and scholarship about women with disabilities, just as feminist scholarship extends beyond women to critically analyze the entire gender system. Like feminist studies itself, feminist disability studies is academic cultural work with a sharp political edge and a vigorous critical punch. Feminist disability studies wants to unsettle tired stereotypes about people with disabilities. It seeks to challenge our dominant assumptions about living with a disability. It situates the disability experience in the context of rights and exclusions. It aspires to retrieve dismissed voices and misrepresented experiences. It helps us understand the intricate relation between bodies and selves. It illuminates the social processes of identity formation. It aims to denaturalize disability. In short, feminist disability studies reimagines disability.Feminism challenges the belief that femaleness is a natural form of physical and mental deficiency or constitutional unruliness. Feminist disability studies similarly questions our assumptions that disability is a flaw, lack, or excess. To do so, it defines disability broadly from a social rather than a medical perspective. Disability, it argues, is a cultural interpretation of human variation rather than an inherent inferiority, a pathology to cure, or an undesirable trait to eliminate. In other words, it finds disability’s significance in interactions between bodies and their social and material environments. By probing the cultural meanings attributed to bodies that societies deem disabled, feminist disability studies does vast critical cultural work. First, it understands disability as a system of exclusions that stigmatizes human differences. Second, it uncovers communities and identities that the bodies we consider disabled have produced. Third, it reveals discriminatory attitudes and practices directed at those bodies. Fourth, it exposes disability as a social category of analysis. Fifth, it frames disability as an effect of power relations. Feminist disability studies shows that disability—similar to race and gender—is a system of representation that