EFFECTS OF STATIC AND TIME-VARYING (50-HZ) MAGNETIC-FIELDS ON REPRODUCTION AND FETAL DEVELOPMENT IN RATS
EFFECTS OF STATIC AND TIME-VARYING (50-HZ) MAGNETIC-FIELDS ON REPRODUCTION AND FETAL DEVELOPMENT IN RATS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/tera.1420500308
复制
发表时间：
1994-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
LOSCHER, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MEVISSEN, M;BUNTENKOTTER, S;LOSCHER, W
交配Wistar大鼠从妊娠第1天至第20天长期暴露于静磁场（MF）中。MF的磁通密度为30 mTesla (mT)，即在磁共振成像（MRI）设备操作人员的暴露范围内。为了与该静态场的效果进行比较，使用了相同磁通密度的时变（50 hz） MF。在两个实验中，即静态或50赫兹中频暴露，假暴露组水坝作为对照。第20天处死，进行生殖和行为学评价。评估产仔的着床数、胎儿死亡和再吸收、总体外部、内脏和骨骼畸形以及胎儿体重。在MF暴露期间，未见小鼠出现不良反应。静态MF暴露组每胎平均活胎数显著减少，但50 hz MF暴露组没有。两种类型的场暴露在胎儿轻微（骨骼）异常方面的进一步差异在50 hz组中有所增加，而在静态MF组中没有。各组均未见严重畸形。在两个暴露于电磁场的组中，发现骨骼骨化增加，可能表明产前发育加快。在第二个实验中，在整个妊娠期暴露于静态MF （30 mT）中，研究了后代的产后生长发育，结果表明，在产前MF暴露后，后代的产后生长明显增强。本实验的子代，经过几个行为畸形学的标准化测试程序，均未发现行为障碍，说明脑功能发育正常。总之，本研究的数据表明，静态和交替磁场对生殖和胎儿发育的影响不同：静态磁场暴露期间胎儿损失的增加表明，如此高通量密度的静态磁场可能诱发胚胎毒性作用，而50hz磁场暴露似乎与任何严重的生殖风险无关。(C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc。
Mated Wistar rats were chronically exposed to a static magnetic field (MF) from day 1 to day 20 of pregnancy. Flux density of the MF was 30 mTesla (mT), i.e., within the range of exposures of operators of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) devices. For comparison with effects of this static field, a time-varying (50-Hz) MF of the same flux density was used. In both experiments, i.e., static or 50-Hz MF exposure, sham-exposed groups of dams served as controls. On day 20, the dams were sacrificed for reproductive and terotological assessment. The litters were evaluated for numbers of implantations, fetal deaths and resorptions, gross external, visceral, and skeletal malformations, and fetal weights. No adverse effects were seen in the darns during MF exposure. The mean number of living fetuses per litter was significantly decreased in the group with static MF exposure, but not the group with 50-Hz MF exposure. Further differences between the two types of field exposure were observed with respect io minor (skeletal) fetal anomalies which were increased in the 50-Hz but not the static MF group. No serious malformations were seen in any group. In both MF-exposed groups, increased skeletal ossification was found, possibly indicating an accelerated prenatal development. In a second experiment with static MF (30 mT) in which darns were exposed for the whole period of pregnancy, and postnatal growth and development of offspring were studied, the postnatal growth was significantly enhanced in offspring following their prenatal MF exposure. In the offspring of this experiment, no behavioral disturbances were determined by several standardized test procedures of behavioral teratology, indicating normal development of brain functions. In summary, the data of the present study indicate that the effects of static and alternating MF on reproduction and fetal development differ: The increased fetal loss during static MF exposure suggests that static MF of such high flux density may induce embryotoxic effects, while 5O-Hz MF exposure does not seem to be associated with any severe reproductive risks. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.