How to measure and evaluate volatile organic compound emissions from building products. A perspective
How to measure and evaluate volatile organic compound emissions from building products. A perspective
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DOI：
10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00019-4
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发表时间：
1999-03-09
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Wolkoff, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wolkoff, P
来自建筑产品的挥发性有机化合物（例如溶剂）的主要排放影响了在初始衰变期间的室内空气质量。然而，除了吸附过程之外，二次排放将继续（化学或物理降解，例如氧化、水解、机械磨损、维修）。对主要挥发性有机化合物的排放进行测试是必要的，但不足以描述建筑产品在其整个使用寿命期间对感知空气质量的影响。需要区分这两种类型的排放的方法。此外，气候参数对排放率的影响是必要的，以便进行适当的测试。未来的产品开发和新建筑产品的选择策略应该考虑二次排放，除了使用辅助剂进行清洁，维护和其他物理或化学性质的潜在影响的贡献。为了开发适合室内环境的“更健康/更好”的建筑产品，本文从二次与一次排放的角度讨论了排放测试的一些要求。此外，还对室内环境中挥发性有机化合物对健康和舒适度可能产生的影响提出了一些假设。挥发性有机化合物的气味阈值比相应的气道刺激估计值低一个或多个数量级，而且化学非反应性挥发性有机化合物在室内通常遇到的浓度下，似乎不足以引起气道刺激。最后，提出了对分析实验室性能的未来要求，以适应日益增长的需求，即确定哪些挥发性有机化合物可能负责建筑产品的气味强度感知。(C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V.版权所有
The primary emissions of VOCs (e.g. solvents) from building products influence the perceived indoor air quality during the initial decay period. However, secondary emissions will continue thereafter (chemical or physical degradation, e.g. oxidation, hydrolysis, mechanical wear, maintenance), in addition to sorption processes. Emission testing for primary VOC emissions is necessary, but insufficient to characterise the impact of building products in their entire life span on the perceived air quality. Methods to distinguish between the two types of emissions are required. Also, the influence of climate parameters on the emission rates is necessary to know for proper testing. Future product development and selection strategies of new building products should consider the secondary emissions, in addition to the contribution from the use of auxiliary agents for cleaning, maintenance, and other potential impacts either physical or chemical in nature. Some of the requirements for emission testing are discussed in terms of secondary vs. primary emissions in order to develop 'healthier/better' building products for the indoor environment. In addition, some of the assumptions about the possible impact of VOCs on health and comfort in the indoor environment are presented. Odour thresholds for VOCs are one or more orders of magnitude lower than the corresponding airway irritation estimates, and it also appears that chemically non-reactive VOCs are not sufficiently strong irritants to cause airway irritation at concentrations normally encountered indoors. Finally, future requirements for analytical laboratory performances is proposed to accommodate the increasing need to establish which VOCs may be responsible for the perception of odour intensity from building products. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.