YTH Domain: A Family of N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A) Readers.

YTH Domain: A Family of N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A) Readers.
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YTH 结构域:N(6)-甲基腺苷 (m(6)A) 阅读器家族。

DOI:
10.1016/j.gpb.2018.04.002
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发表时间:
2018-04
期刊:
Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Xu C
Xu C
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liao S;Sun H;Xu C

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像蛋白质和DNA一样,不同类型的RNA分子也会经历各种各样的修饰。越来越多的证据表明,这些RNA修饰作为复杂的代码来介导RNA的行为和许多重要的生物学功能。N6-甲基腺苷(m6 A)是在多种真核RNA中发现的最丰富的内部RNA修饰,所述真核RNA包括但不限于mRNA、tRNA、rRNA和长非编码RNA(lncRNA)。在哺乳动物细胞中,m6 A可以通过甲基转移酶复合物掺入并通过脱甲基酶去除,这确保了m6 A修饰是可逆的和动态的。此外,m6 A被包含YT 521-B同源(YTH)结构域的蛋白识别,其随后指导不同的复合物来调节RNA信号传导途径,例如RNA代谢、RNA剪接、RNA折叠和蛋白质翻译。本文就含YTH结构域的蛋白识别m6 A的分子机制进行综述,为进一步研究m6 A的特异性识别机制提供参考,并为今后识别其他RNA修饰的读码蛋白提供线索。
Like protein and DNA, different types of RNA molecules undergo various modifications. Accumulating evidence suggests that these RNA modifications serve as sophisticated codes to mediate RNA behaviors and many important biological functions. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal RNA modification found in a variety of eukaryotic RNAs, including but not limited to mRNAs, tRNAs, rRNAs, and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). In mammalian cells, m6A can be incorporated by a methyltransferase complex and removed by demethylases, which ensures that the m6A modification is reversible and dynamic. Moreover, m6A is recognized by the YT521-B homology (YTH) domain-containing proteins, which subsequently direct different complexes to regulate RNA signaling pathways, such as RNA metabolism, RNA splicing, RNA folding, and protein translation. Herein, we summarize the recent progresses made in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the m6A recognition by YTH domain-containing proteins, which would shed new light on m6A-specific recognition and provide clues to the future identification of reader proteins of many other RNA modifications.
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