The unique relation of physical activity to executive function in older men and women
The unique relation of physical activity to executive function in older men and women
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0b013e31806ad708
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发表时间：
2007-08-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hatfield, Bradley D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bixby, Walter R.;Spalding, Thomas W.;Hatfield, Bradley D.
目的：在考虑了年龄、教育程度和智商的情况下，确定老年人参与体育活动是否与执行功能有明确的正相关。方法：受试者为健康男性(N=38)和女性(N=82)，年龄65~92岁(平均78.9，SD=5.8)，无抑郁和痴呆(分别为贝克抑郁量表和简易精神状态检查)，Kaufman简明智力测验(K-BIT)智力高于平均水平(均值=118.1，SD=9.4)，在研究前3~5年期间体力活动模式稳定。参与者完成了耶鲁大学老年人体力活动调查(YPAS)和Stroop颜色和单词测试，以评估抑制性执行功能。结果：分层回归分析显示，在考虑了智力和年龄后，YPAS综合指数得分解释了Stroop颜色词和干扰得分的微小但显著的差异(AR2=2和4%)。YPAS指数与非执行业绩无关。结论：研究结果支持老年人体力活动/认知关系的特殊性。这一结果可以用参与体力活动对额叶的附加益处来解释(即，超出认知刺激的任何益处)，额叶是一个调节执行功能并经历与年龄相关的加速衰退的区域。总而言之，在进入第十个十年的老年男性和女性中，习惯性体力活动与高管业绩呈正相关。
Purpose: To determine whether physical activity participation was specifically and positively associated with executive function in older individuals after accounting for age, education, and IQ. Methods: Participants were 120 healthy men (N = 38) and women (N = 82) aged 65-92 yr (mean = 78.9, SD = 5.8), who were free of depression and dementia (Beck Depression Inventory and Mini-Mental Status Exam, respectively), had above-average intelligence (mean = 118.1, SD = 9.4) as indexed by the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT), and stable patterns of physical activity during a 3- to 5-yr period before the study. Participants completed the Yale Physical Activity Survey (YPAS) for older adults and the Stroop Color and Word Test to assess inhibitory executive function. Results: Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that YPAS summary index scores explained a small, but significant amount of variance in Stroop color-word and interference scores (AR 2 = 2 and 4%, respectively) after accounting for intelligence and age. The YPAS index was unrelated to nonexecutive performance. Conclusions: The results support specificity of the physical activity/cognition relationship in older individuals. The results may be explained by additive benefit from participation in physical activity to the frontal lobe (i.e., beyond any benefits from cognitive stimulation), a region that mediates executive function and experiences accelerated age related decline. In summary, habitual physical activity is positively related to executive performance in older men and women into the 10th decade.