A meta-analysis of sugarbeet yield responses to nitrogen fertilizer measured in England since 1980
A meta-analysis of sugarbeet yield responses to nitrogen fertilizer measured in England since 1980
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DOI：
10.1017/s0021859609008478
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Armstrong, M. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jaggard, K. W.;Qi, A.;Armstrong, M. J.
将161个试验的甜菜产量对氮肥的反应数据汇集到数据库中。三种常用的N响应模型（Mitscherlich，线性加指数和双线性）拟合每组施肥量，然后评估模型拟合所有数据的程度。双线性模型被判定为最适合于拟合调整到标准糖浓度的甜菜根产量的模型。确定了各试验的最佳施氮量。然后试图将这些最优值与与该地点和季节（冬季降雨量，土壤质地，土壤矿质氮的量在播种，播种日期，夏季降雨量和收获日期）相关的因素。在泥炭土中种植的甜菜从未对任何施用的氮肥有显著反应，最近用有机肥处理的作物也没有提供大量（> 150 kg N/ha）的有效N。其他站点之间的氮最适值的变化不能解释的因素，可用于预测施肥量。在没有任何方法对肥料需求的变化进行可靠预测的情况下，计算了最经济的均匀量。根据目前的化肥价格和甜菜价值，这一数量在100至110公斤氮/公顷之间。甜菜作物的氮肥需求量可能不会发生可预测的变化，因为这种变化都是实验误差。作物需要合理的标准施肥，因为在作物生长的早期，大量的氮必须迅速地、主要地从表土中吸收，在这个阶段，表土包含了大部分的小须根系统。
The data from 161 experiments testing the response of sugarbeet yield to nitrogen fertilizer were assembled in a database. Three commonly used N response models (Mitscherlich, linear plus exponential and bilinear) were fitted to each set of fertilizer application rates and the models were then assessed on how well they fitted all the data. The bilinear model was judged the most appropriate model for fitting to beet root yield adjusted to a standard sugar concentration. The optimum N application was determined for each experiment. Attempts were then made to correlate these optima with factors associated with the site and the season (winter rainfall, soil texture, amount of soil mineral N at sowing, sowing date, summer rainfall and harvest date). Beet grown in peat soil never responded significantly to any applied N fertilizer and neither did crops treated recently with organic manure supplying large amounts (> 150 kg N/ha) of available N. Variation in N optima between other sites could not be explained by factors that could be used to predict the amount of fertilizer to apply. In the absence of any method to make reliable predictions of variations in fertilizer need, the most economical uniform amount Was calculated. At present fertilizer prices and beet values, this amount is between 100 and 110 kg N/ha. It is possible that the N fertilizer need of beet crops does not vary predictably because this variation is all experimental error. The crop needs a reasonably standard application of fertilizer because much N has to be taken up early in the Crop's development, rapidly and predominantly from the topsoil that, at this stage, contains most of the small fibrous root system.