Examining the release of synthetic microfibres to the environment via two major pathways: Atmospheric deposition and treated wastewater effluent.
Examining the release of synthetic microfibres to the environment via two major pathways: Atmospheric deposition and treated wastewater effluent.
复制标题
检查合成微纤维通过两个主要途径向环境中的释放：大气沉降和处理后的废水排放。
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159317
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Napper IE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Napper IE
关于将合成微纤维排放到水生环境的研究通常集中在洗涤方面，其中纤维可以通过废水排放。然而，新的研究表明，在正常使用纺织品的过程中产生的微纤维可能是微纤维污染环境的主要途径。这项研究旨在量化和比较通过这两种途径进入海洋环境的微纤维的数量;废水排放和大气沉积。还对人口密度高和低的地区进行了评价。样本收集在英国的两个城市（布里斯托和普利茅斯）及其周围，这两个城市都位于潮汐沃茨。在城市和农村地区，来自大气的纤维以平均81.6 m2 d-1的速度沉积。处理后的废水平均含有0.03 L-1合成纤维。根据我们的研究结果，我们预测每天可以从所研究的污水处理厂排放约20，000 - 500，000根微纤维。当这两种途径被比较时。大气沉积的合成微纤维出现的主要途径，释放纤维的速度比通过处理后的废水排放量大几个数量级。潜在的选择，以减少释放到环境中的微纤维进行了讨论，我们的结论是，在纺织品设计阶段的干预提出了最有效的方法。为了指导政策干预，为塑料条约UNEA 5.2提供信息，未来的工作应侧重于了解纺织品设计的哪些排列在日常使用和洗涤过程中对纤维脱落的影响最大。
Research on the discharge of synthetic microfibres to aquatic environments has typically focused on laundering, where fibres can be discharged via wastewater effluent. However emerging research suggests that microfibres generated during the wear of textiles in normal use could present a major, additional, pathway for microfibre pollution to the environment. This study aimed to quantify and compare the quantities of microfibre entering the marine environment via both these pathways; wastewater discharge and atmospheric deposition. Areas of high and low population density were also evaluated. Samples were collected in and around two British cities (Bristol and Plymouth) both of which are located on tidal waters. Fibres originating from the atmosphere were deposited at an average rate of 81.6 fibres m2d−1across urban and rural areas. Treated wastewater effluent contained on an average 0.03 synthetic fibres L−1. Based on our results we predict ~20,000–500,000 microfibres could be discharged per day from the Wastewater Treatment Plants studied. When the two pathways were compared. Atmospheric deposition of synthetic microfibres appeared the dominant pathway, releasing fibres at a rate several orders of magnitude greater than via treated wastewater effluent. Potential options to reduce the release of microfibres to the environment are discussed and we conclude that intervention at the textile design stage presents the most effective approach. In order to guide policy intervention to inform the Plastics Treaty UNEA 5.2, future work should focus on understanding which permutations of textile design have the greatest influence fibre shedding, during both everyday use and laundering.