Research on plant abiotic stress responses in the post-genome era: past, present and future
Research on plant abiotic stress responses in the post-genome era: past, present and future
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-313x.2010.04124.x
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Shinozaki, Kazuo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hirayama, Takashi;Shinozaki, Kazuo
了解植物对非生物胁迫的反应是植物研究中一个重要而富有挑战性的课题.生理和分子生物学分析使我们能够描绘各种植物的非生物胁迫反应，拟南芥基因组序列的测定对这一研究领域产生了很大的影响。全基因组序列的获得促进了对所有基因的基本信息的获取，例如基因产物及其功能、转录水平、推定的顺式调控元件和可变剪接模式。这些数据已获得全面的转录组分析和研究使用全长cDNA的集合和T-DNA或转座子标记的突变株系，这也增强了基因组序列信息。此外，对涉及使用小RNA分子、染色质调节和基因组DNA修饰的新型调控机制的研究使我们认识到植物已经进化出复杂和复杂的系统来响应复杂的非生物胁迫。综合数据与各种“组学”的方法提供了一个更全面的图片非生物胁迫反应。此外，对拟南芥以外的各种植物的胁迫反应的研究增加了我们对自然界中植物胁迫耐受机制的认识。在此基础上，人们尝试通过基因转移和分子标记辅助育种的方法来提高作物的抗逆性。本文综述了近年来非生物胁迫研究的进展，特别是后基因组时代的研究进展，并对未来十年的研究方向提出了新的观点。
P>Understanding abiotic stress responses in plants is an important and challenging topic in plant research. Physiological and molecular biological analyses have allowed us to draw a picture of abiotic stress responses in various plants, and determination of the Arabidopsis genome sequence has had a great impact on this research field. The availability of the complete genome sequence has facilitated access to essential information for all genes, e.g. gene products and their function, transcript levels, putative cis-regulatory elements, and alternative splicing patterns. These data have been obtained from comprehensive transcriptome analyses and studies using full-length cDNA collections and T-DNA- or transposon-tagged mutant lines, which were also enhanced by genome sequence information. Moreover, studies on novel regulatory mechanisms involving use of small RNA molecules, chromatin modulation and genomic DNA modification have enabled us to recognize that plants have evolved complicated and sophisticated systems in response to complex abiotic stresses. Integrated data obtained with various 'omics' approaches have provided a more comprehensive picture of abiotic stress responses. In addition, research on stress responses in various plant species other than Arabidopsis has increased our knowledge regarding the mechanisms of plant stress tolerance in nature. Based on this progress, improvements in crop stress tolerance have been attempted by means of gene transfer and marker-assisted breeding. In this review, we summarize recent progress in abiotic stress studies, especially in the post-genomic era, and offer new perspectives on research directions for the next decade.