Mechanisms Underlying the False Consensus Effect
Mechanisms Underlying the False Consensus Effect
复制标题
虚假共识效应背后的机制
DOI：
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Chassin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Sherman;Clark C. Presson;L. Chassin
目前的研究考察了自利动机在虚假共识效应中的作用。有两个主要目标。首先，这些研究测试了当法官收到关于他们在实验任务中表现的失败反馈对自我的威胁时，共识估计是否会增加。这项研究的第二个目标是调查自我知识是否在FCE中扮演着特殊的角色，而不仅仅是将自我作为一个简单的可用记忆案例来使用。目前的发现表明，法官确实利用可用案件(无论是自己还是他人)的行为来对目标群体进行推断。此外，在成功的条件下，现有的案例信息足以说明所认为的协商一致的程度。然而，在失败反馈下，法官自己的行为增加了对可用个人信息的估计。当自我受到威胁时，对共识的看法可能会因为寻求正常化和支持自己行为的动机而增加。
The current studies investigated the role of self-serving motivations in the False Consensus Effect (FCE). There were two major goals. First, the studies tested whether consensus estimates would be increased when judges receive threats to self in the form of failure feedback about their performance on an experimental task. The second goal of the studies was to investigate whether self-knowledge plays a special role in the FCE beyond the use of the self as simply a single available case in memory. The current findings indicated that judges indeed use the behavior of an available case (whether the self or an other) in making inferences about a target group. Moreover, under success conditions, the available case information was sufficient to account for the extent of perceived consensus. However, under failure feedback, a judge's own behavior increased estimates above and beyond the effect of information about an available individual When the self is threatened, perceptions of consensus may be increased by a motivation to seek normalization and support for one's own behavior.