Early nutritional intervention can improve utilisation of vegetable-based diets in diploid and triploid Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.).
Early nutritional intervention can improve utilisation of vegetable-based diets in diploid and triploid Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.).
复制标题
早期营养干预可以改善二倍体和三倍体大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo Salar L.）中蔬菜饮食的利用。
DOI：
10.1017/s0007114517001842
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发表时间：
2017-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Taylor JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Clarkson M;Migaud H;Metochis C;Vera LM;Leeming D;Tocher DR;Taylor JF
本研究调查了大西洋鲑鱼的营养规划，以提高以蔬菜为基础的饮食的利用率。在首次外源饲养的基础上，分别饲喂以海洋饲料为基础饲料(80%鱼粉/4%鱼油)或植物性饲料(饲料V刺激饲料，10%鱼粉/0%鱼油)3周。随后，所有的鱼在相同的条件下用商业的海洋基础饲料喂养15周，然后用第二种V饲料(Diet Vchallengl，10%FM/0%FO)挑战6周。二倍体和三倍体兄弟姐妹平行运行以检查倍性效应。监测仔猪的生长性能、采食量、养分利用率和肠道形态。最初给予饲料V-FISH(V-FISH)的鱼显示出比M-FISH高24%的生长速度和23%的饲料效率，当稍后用饲料V挑战挑战时。不同的营养史在饲料摄入量上没有差别，但营养保留量的增加突出了V-鱼对V-饮食的利用得到了改善。在攻击阶段后，营养史或倍性对远端肠炎评分的影响一般较小，因为只有V-三倍体的总评分显著增加(P<；0.05)。数据强调，积极的影响最有可能是营养规划的结果，在晚年受到挑战时做出更好反应的能力可能归因于刺激引起的生理和/或代谢变化。这项新颖的研究显示了营养规划在提高大西洋鲑鱼饲料中植物原料成分利用率方面的潜力。
The present study investigated nutritional programming in Atlantic salmon to improve utilisation of a vegetable-based diet. At first exogenous feeding, fry were fed either a marine-based diet (Diet Mstimulus, 80% fishmeal (FM)/4% fish oil (FO)) or a vegetable-based diet (Diet Vstimulus, 10% FM/0% FO) for 3 weeks. Subsequently, all fish were then fed under the same conditions with a commercial, marine-based, diet for 15 weeks and thereafter challenged with a second V diet (Diet Vchallenge, 10% FM/0% FO) for 6 weeks. Diploid and triploid siblings were run in parallel to examine ploidy effects. Growth performance, feed intake, nutrient utilisation and intestinal morphology were monitored. Fish initially given Diet Vstimulus (V-fish) showed 24 % higher growth rate and 23 % better feed efficiency compared with M-fish when later challenged with Diet Vchallenge. There was no difference in feed intake between nutritional histories, but increased nutrient retentions highlighted the improved utilisation of a V diet in V-fish. There were generally few significant effects of nutritional history or ploidy on enteritis scores in the distal intestine after the challenge phase as only V-triploids showed a significant increase (P<0·05) in total score. The data highlighted that the positive effects were most likely a result of nutritional programming and the ability to respond better when challenged later in life may be attributed to physiological and/or metabolic changes induced by the stimulus. This novel study showed the potential of nutritional programming to improve the use of plant raw material ingredients in feeds for Atlantic salmon.