Environmental Impact Analysis of a Water Supply System: Study of an Indian University Campus
Environmental Impact Analysis of a Water Supply System: Study of an Indian University Campus
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供水系统的环境影响分析：印度大学校园研究
DOI：
10.1016/j.procir.2015.02.061
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. S. Sangwan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Bhakar;Nitesh Sihag;Rebekka Gieschen;S. Andrew;C. Herrmann;K. S. Sangwan
本文旨在对印度某大学校园的供水、用水、循环利用及相关能源消耗进行分析。该大学位于半干旱地区，提供了一个独特的例子，即人均用水量高于印度平均水平，而且水是从过度开采的地下水含水层中提取的。地下水是唯一的供水来源，每天提供205万升淡水。在过去的几年里，这所大学已经开始采用雨水收集和水回收的节水技术。地下水的开采和供水消耗了大量能源，从而增加了供水对环境的影响。绘制水源和消耗量图提供了宝贵的信息，有助于评估主要的用水量来源，并采取适当行动，优化人均用水量，减少水损失。校园供水系统的环境影响是通过使用Umberto NXT通用生命周期评估软件进行生命周期评估来确定的，该软件采用配方终点法和中点法。研究发现，建筑用自来水对环境的影响最大，而用于灌溉的再生水几乎没有影响。
The paper aims at analyzing the water supply, its consumption, recycling and related energy consumption at a University campus in India. The university is located in semi-arid area and provides a unique example where the per capita water consumption is above the Indian average and the water is extracted from the overexploited groundwater aquifer. The groundwater is the only source of water supply providing 2.05 million liters of fresh water per day. In the last few years the university has embarked on water saving techniques using rain water harvesting and water recycling. The ground water extraction and its supply consume a lot of energy thereby increasing the environmental impact of the water supply. Mapping of the water source and consumption has provided valuable information to assess the major sources of water consumption and to take appropriate actions to optimize per capita water consumption and reduce water losses. The environmental impact of the water supply system on campus has been determined by conducting a life cycle assessment using Umberto NXT universal life cycle assessment software with ReCiPe endpoint and midpoint methods. It was found that tap water used in buildings has highest impact on environment while the recycled water used for irrigation has nearly zero impact.