Amygdala and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis: differential roles in fear and anxiety measured with the acoustic startle reflex
Amygdala and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis: differential roles in fear and anxiety measured with the acoustic startle reflex
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1997.0149
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发表时间：
1997-11-29
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lee, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis, M;Walker, DL;Lee, Y
与创伤事件相关的神经刺激很容易成为条件反射，从而恢复对原始创伤的记忆。这些条件反射的恐惧反应可以持续一生，而且可能特别不易消失。来自许多不同实验室的大量数据表明，杏仁核在条件恐惧中起着至关重要的作用。杏仁核接收来自所有感觉模式的信息，并将其投射到各种下丘脑和脑干目标区域，这些区域被认为是用于定义恐惧和焦虑的特定迹象的关键。对杏仁核的电刺激会引发一种模仿自然或条件恐惧状态的行为模式。在一些行为测试中，杏仁核的病变阻断了先天或条件恐惧，而杏仁核局部输注药物具有抗焦虑作用。杏仁核中的兴奋性氨基酸受体对条件恐惧的获得、表达和消除至关重要。
Neural stimuli associated with traumatic events can readily become conditioned so as to reinstate the memory of the original trauma. These conditioned fear responses can last a lifetime and may be especially resistant to extinction. A large amount of data from many different laboratories indicate that the amygdala plays a crucial role in conditioned fear. The amygdala receives information from all sensory modalities and projects to a variety of hypothalamic and brainstem target areas known to be critically involved in specific signs that are used to define fear and anxiety. Electrical stimulation of the amygdala elicits a pattern of behaviours that mimic natural or conditioned states of fear. Lesions of the amygdala block innate or conditioned fear and local infusion of drugs into the amygdala have anxiolytic effects in several behavioural tests. Excitatory amino acid receptors in the amygdala are critical for the acquisition, expression and extinction of conditioned fear.