TOTAL CHOLESTEROL AND HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN POPULATIONS DIFFERING IN FAT AND CARBOHYDRATE INTAKE
TOTAL CHOLESTEROL AND HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN POPULATIONS DIFFERING IN FAT AND CARBOHYDRATE INTAKE
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DOI：
10.1161/01.atv.7.6.612
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发表时间：
1987-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
HAUTVAST, JGAJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KNUIMAN, JT;WEST, CE;HAUTVAST, JGAJ
本文综述了饮食与高密度脂蛋白（HDL）关系的流行病学研究，重点介绍了作者对不同国家和不同饮食习惯的男孩和男性的研究。从20个国家的男孩（7至9岁）和男性（33至48岁）中收集血清，并在一个标准化实验室中进行分析。在男孩中，总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇平行变化，从低脂肪、高碳水化合物饮食的发展中国家人群的低值到富裕人群的高值。HDL和总胆固醇之间的相关性为0.90（n = 16个人群）。在一个地区的素食和杂食男孩群体中也看到了类似的趋势。对五个国家男孩个人饮食的详细分析表明，碳水化合物摄入量与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇之间存在负相关关系，无论是组平均值（r =-0.99，n = 5）还是单个国家的男孩（r = -0.26至0.04，n = 109至133名男孩/国家）。在这些男孩中，肥胖和体力活动的差异很小，与HDL的差异无关。总胆固醇随着饱和脂肪摄入量的增加而升高（5个人群平均值的r = 0.87;人群组内r = 0.07至0.26）。在成年男性中，总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇也往往随着富裕而同时上升。然而，这种关系要弱得多（r = 0.60，n = 13个人群组）。在成年男性中，体重指数与高密度脂蛋白与总胆固醇的比率呈负相关，无论是在国家之间和国家内部，还是在一个地区内的杂食和素食男性群体之间和内部。我们认为，三个部分相反的饮食因素决定了成年人的总胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的比例;即，来自饱和脂肪的能量比例，提高总胆固醇;来自总脂肪的能量比例，提高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇;以及过量的饮食能量，产生肥胖，从而降低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇。
This paper reviews epidemiological studies on the relationship between diet and high density lipoproteins (HDL), with emphasis on the authors'' studies of boys and men from different countries and with different dietary habits. Sera were collected from boys (ages 7 to 9 years) and men (ages 33 to 48 years) in 20 countries, and these were analyzed in one standardized laboratory. In boys, total and HDL cholesterol changed in parallel, from low values in populations in developing countries with low-fat, high-carbohydrate diets to high values in affluent populations. The correlation between HDL and total cholesterol was 0.90 (n = 16 populations). A similar trend was seen in groups of vegetarian and omnivorous boys within one region. Detailed analyses of individual diets of boys in five countries showed a negative relation between carbohydrate intake and HDL cholesterol both for group means (r = -0.99, n = 5) and for individual boys with one country (r = -0.26 to 0.04, n = 109 to 133 boys per country). In these boys, differences in obesity and physical activity were slight, and unrelated to differences in HDL. Total cholesterol rose with saturated fat intake (r = 0.87 for five populaton means; r = 0.07 to 0.26 within population groups). In adult men, total and HDL cholesterol also tended to rise simultaneously with affluence. However, the relation was much weaker (r = 0.60, n = 13 population groups). In adult men, body mass index was negatively related to the ratio of HDL to total cholesterol both between and within countries and also between and within groups of omnivorous and vegetarian men within one region. We suggest that three partly opposing dietary factors determine an adult population''s total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio; namely, the proportion of energy from saturated fat, which raises total cholesterol; the proportion of energy from total fat, which raises HDL cholesterol; and the excess in dietary energy, which produces obesity and in that way lowers HDL cholesterol.