Morphology of the carotid sinus wall in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Morphology of the carotid sinus wall in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.
复制标题
正常血压和自发性高血压大鼠颈动脉窦壁的形态。
DOI：
10.1002/ar.1092180410
复制
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hansen,JT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hansen,JT
对5、8、16、24周龄自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)颈动脉窦区的形态进行了研究。颈动脉窦区位于内动脉近端毫米处，可见广泛的外膜毛细血管丛，而邻近动脉(如颈总动脉和颈外动脉)则不存在。亚甲蓝染色的全套标本显示了压力感受器神经在鼻窦的分布范围。压力感受器纤维终止于独特的球状末端，在超微结构水平上，线粒体充满这些末端。SHR和年龄匹配的Wistar-京都(WKY)正常血压对照组动物的窦外膜毛细血管网络和压力感受器分布没有差异。随着SHR血压的显著升高，颈动脉窦壁厚度和总血管直径增加。在所有年龄组中，自发性高血压患者的管壁/管腔比率均显著大于年龄匹配的WKY比率。自发性高血压大鼠颈动脉窦血管扩张在整个血管被膜上是均匀的，而中膜上由平滑肌细胞占据的比例没有明显变化。随着高血压的增加，颈动脉窦壁厚度的增加可能会影响窦的扩张能力，并可能通过损害压力感受器神经末梢的敏感性而在高血压的维持中发挥次要作用。
The morphology of the carotid sinus region of the internal carotid artery was studied in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) at 5, 8, 16, and 24 weeks of age. The carotid sinus region occupied the proximal millimeter of the internal artery, and was easily recognizable by the presence of an extensive adventitial capillary plexus, which was absent on adjacent arteries (e.g., common and external carotid arteries). Methylene blue‐stained whole‐mount preparations showed the extent of baroreceptor nerves over the sinus. Baroreceptor fibers terminated in distinctive bulbous‐like endings, which, at the ultrastructural level, were filled with mitochondria. No differences were noted in the sinus adventitial capillary network or baroreceptor distribution between SHR and age‐matched Wistar‐Kyoto (WKY) normotensive control animals. With the onset of a significant rise in SHR blood pressure, the carotid sinus wall increased in thickness and total vessel size. The wall/lumen ratios were significantly larger in the SHR than in age‐matched WKY ratios in all age groups. SHR carotid sinus vessel enlargement was uniform throughout the vessel tunics, with no significant change in the proportion of the tunica media occupied by smooth muscle cells. The increase in the carotid sinus wall thickness associated with increasing hypertension could affect the ability of the sinus to distend and may play a secondary role in the maintenance of hypertension by compromising baroreceptor nerve ending sensitivity.