The effect of a high-MUFA, low-glycaemic index diet and a low-fat diet on appetite and glucose metabolism during a 6-month weight maintenance period
The effect of a high-MUFA, low-glycaemic index diet and a low-fat diet on appetite and glucose metabolism during a 6-month weight maintenance period
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007114508137710
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发表时间：
2009-06-28
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Astrup, Arne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sloth, Birgitte;Due, Anette;Astrup, Arne
我们的目标是在最初的低能量饮食(LED)诱导体重减轻后，测试三种不同的减肥饮食对食欲、葡萄糖和脂肪代谢的影响。经过8周的LED和2-3周的再喂食期，131名受试者被随机分为三组，为期6个月：MUFA，中等脂肪(35-45能量百分比(E%)脂肪)，高MUFA和低血糖指数；LF，低脂(20-30 E%脂肪)或CTR，对照组(35 E%脂肪)。在为期6个月的饮食干预之前和之后，在一个小组中进行了一项膳食试验研究，42名受试者完成了这两项膳食试验。两种饮食在体重、能量摄入或食欲评级方面没有观察到差异。与CTR饮食相比，LF和MUFA饮食均降低了餐后血糖和胰岛素血症，并降低了0至6个月的空腹胰岛素。经过8周的LED期间，与6个月饮食干预后的测量相比，食欲调节肽、胰多肽、YY、胰升糖素样肽-1和胰升糖素样肽-2的水平降低，食欲评分增加。总而言之，两种相互竞争的饮食，MUFA和LF，在葡萄糖代谢方面同样好，而CTR饮食类似于典型的西方饮食，富含SFA、糖和高血糖碳水化合物，表明与降低胰岛素敏感性有关。较低的食欲调节肽水平，以及8周LED和2-3周再进食期后食欲评分的增加，表明需要在LED期后采取生理性食欲控制策略，以防止体重回升。
We aimed to test the effects of three different weight maintenance diets on appetite, glucose and fat metabolism following an initial low-energy diet (LED) induced body weight loss. Following an 8-week LED and a 2-3-week refeeding period, 131 subjects were randomized to three diets for 6 months: MUFA, moderate-fat (35-45 energy percentage (E%) fat), high in MUFA with low glycaemic index; LF, low fat (20-30 E% fat) or CTR, control (35 E% fat). A meal test study was performed in a subgroup, before and after the 6-month dietary intervention, with forty-two subjects completing both meal tests. No difference in body weight, energy intake or appetite ratings were observed between diets. Both the LF and MUFA diets compared to CTR diet reduced postprandial glycaemia and insulinaemia and lowered fasting insulin from month 0 to month 6. Following the 8-week LED period lower levels of the appetite regulating peptides, pancreatic polypeptide, peptide YY, glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon-like peptide-2, along with increased appetite scores were seen in comparison to measurements performed after the 6-month dietary intervention. In conclusion, the two competing diets, MUFA and LF, were equally good with respect to glucose metabolism, whereas the CTR diet resembling the typical Western diet, high in SFA, sugar and high glycaemic carbohydrates, indicated associations to lowering of insulin sensitivity. Lower levels of appetite regulatory peptides along with increased appetite scores following an 8-week LED and 2-3-week refeeding period, suggest that strategies for physiological appetite control following a LED period are needed, in order to prevent weight regain.