Urinary sodium excretion, dietary sources of sodium intake and knowledge and practices around salt use in a group of healthy Australian women
Urinary sodium excretion, dietary sources of sodium intake and knowledge and practices around salt use in a group of healthy Australian women
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1753-6405.2010.00566.x
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Guenon, Sophie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Charlton, Karen;Yeatman, Heather;Guenon, Sophie
目的：战略的目的是促进减少食品中的盐含量在澳大利亚受到阻碍的稀疏和过时的数据，习惯性盐摄入量。本研究通过尿排泄分析评估了习惯性钠摄入量，确定了膳食钠的食物来源，以及与健康女性盐使用相关的知识和实践。方法：从新南威尔士州伍伦贡市（Wollongong）的76名年龄在20至55岁之间的女性中抽取方便的横断面样本。数据包括24小时的尿液样本、三天的饮食日记和一份自我管理的问卷。结果：平均钠排泄量相当于NaCl（盐）摄入量6.41 g/d (SD=2.61) g/d；43%的值< 6克/天。导致膳食钠含量增加的食物类别有：面包和谷物（27%）；酱/酱(20%);肉类/蛋类菜肴（18%）；零食甜品/临时演员(11%);牛奶和奶制品（11%）。大约一半的样本报告在烹饪或餐桌上使用盐。饮食习惯反映出对与盐有关的健康问题的高度认识和对钠的食物来源的充分了解。结论：这些来自伊拉瓦拉地区健康女性样本的发现表明，这一群体的膳食钠摄入量低于此前在澳大利亚报道的水平。然而，个人的食物选择和对减盐信息的高度认识不足以实现每天< 4克盐的更严格的饮食目标。意义：尿钠排泄数据需要来自更大的全国代表性样本来确认习惯性盐摄入量。面包和谷类食品是减少加工食品中钠含量的明显目标。
Objective: Strategies that aim to facilitate reduction of the salt content of foods in Australia are hampered by sparse and outdated data on habitual salt intakes. This study assessed habitual sodium intake through urinary excretion analyses, and identified food sources of dietary sodium, as well as knowledge and practices related to salt use in healthy women.Methods: Cross-sectional, convenient sample of 76 women aged 20 to 55 years, Wollongong, NSW. Data included a 24 hour urine sample, three-day food diary and a self-administered questionnaire.Results: Mean Na excretion equated to a NaCl (salt) intake of 6.41 (SD=2.61) g/day; 43% had values < 6 g/day. Food groups contributing to dietary sodium were: bread and cereals (27%); dressings/sauces (20%); meat/egg-based dishes (18%); snacks/desserts/extras (11%); and milk and dairy products (11%). Approximately half the sample reported using salt in cooking or at the table. Dietary practices reflected a high awareness of salt-related health issues and a good knowledge of food sources of sodium.Conclusion: These findings from a sample of healthy women in the Illawarra indicate that dietary sodium intakes are lower in this group than previously reported in Australia. However, personal food choices and high levels of awareness of the salt reduction messages are not enough to achieve more stringent dietary targets of < 4 g salt per day.Implications: Urinary Na excretion data are required from a larger nationally representative sample to confirm habitual salt intakes. The bread and cereals food group are an obvious target for sodium reduction strategies in manufactured foods.