Lead-contaminated house dust and urban children's blood lead levels
Lead-contaminated house dust and urban children's blood lead levels
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.86.10.1416
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发表时间：
1996-10-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Matte, TD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lanphear, BP;Weitzman, M;Matte, TD
目标。本研究评估了铅污染房屋粉尘与城市儿童血铅水平的关系。采用随机抽样调查方法确定并招募了205名12至31个月大的儿童，这些儿童至少从6个月大起就住在同一所房子里。对儿童的血液和家庭灰尘、水、土壤和油漆进行铅分析，并进行访谈以确定血铅升高（大于或等于10 μ g/dL）的危险因素。儿童平均血铅水平为7.7 μ g/dL。除了灰尘铅负荷（每平方英尺微克铅），儿童血铅的独立预测因素是黑人种族、土壤铅水平、土壤或污垢的摄入、铅含量和油漆表面的状况。以及水中的铅含量。对于没有铺地毯的地板上的5 μ g/平方英尺、20 μ g/平方英尺和40 μ g/平方英尺的粉尘铅标准，在调整了其他重要协变量后，血铅水平在10 μ g/dL或以上的儿童的估计百分比分别为4%、15%和20%。受铅污染的室内灰尘是导致血铅水平低的城市儿童铅摄入量的重要因素，相当一部分儿童的血铅水平可能至少为10 μ g/dL，而粉尘铅水平远低于现行标准。
Objectives. This study assessed the relationship between lead-contaminated house dust and urban children's blood lead levels.Methods. A random-sample survey was used to identify and enroll 205 children, 12 to 31 months of age, who had resided in the same house since at least 6 months of age. Children's blood and household dust, water, soil, and paint were analyzed for lead, and interviews were conducted to ascertain risk factors fur elevated blood lead (greater than or equal to 10 mu g/dL).Results. Children's mean blood lead level was 7.7 mu g/dL. In addition to dust lead loading (micrograms of lead per square foot), independent predictors of children's blood lead were Black race, soil lead levels, ingestion of soil or dirt, lead content and condition of painted surfaces. and water lead levels. For dust lead standards of 5 mu g/sq ft, 20 mu g/sq ft, and 40 mu g/sq ft on noncarpeted floors, the estimated percentages of children having blood lead levels at or above 10 mu g/dL were 4%, 15%, and 20%, respectively, after adjusting for other significant covariates.Conclusions. Lead-contaminated house dust is a significant contributor to lead intake among urban children who have low-level elevations in blood lead, A substantial proportion of children may have blood lead levels of at least 10 mu g/dL at dust lead levels considerably lower than current standards.