Production of beta-defensin antimicrobial peptides by the oral mucosa and salivary glands.
Production of beta-defensin antimicrobial peptides by the oral mucosa and salivary glands.
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发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
M. Mathews;H. Jia;J. Guthmiller;Garrett Losh;Scott Graham;Georgia K. Johnson;Brian F. Tack;P. McCray
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Mathews;H. Jia;J. Guthmiller;Garrett Losh;Scott Graham;Georgia K. Johnson;Brian F. Tack;P. McCray
β-防御素是一种具有广谱抗菌活性的阳离子多肽，由粘膜表面的上皮细胞产生。两种人类β-防御素HBD-1和HBD-2分别于1995年和1997年被发现。然而，关于HBD-1或HBD-2在口腔组织中的表达以及这些蛋白是否分泌，目前还知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们研究了HBD-1和HBD-2mRNAs在主要唾液腺、舌、牙龈和口腔粘膜中的表达，并在唾液分泌物中检测到了β-防御素多肽。用核糖核酸酶保护法测定防御素基因的表达。HBD-1mRNA在牙龈、腮腺、颊粘膜和舌中均有表达。HBD-2mRNA仅在牙龈粘膜中表达，且在伴有炎症的组织中表达最为丰富。用IL-1β(IL-1β)或细菌脂多糖(LPS)处理培养的牙周角质形成细胞24小时，检测其是否可诱导β-防御素的表达，发现IL-1β可使hBD-2的表达增加约16倍，内毒素的作用可使hBD-2表达增加约5倍。用免疫印迹、高效液相色谱和质谱仪鉴定人唾液中的HBD-1和HBD-2多肽。人β-防御素在口腔组织中表达，蛋白在唾液中分泌；hBD-1的表达是结构性的，而hBD-2的表达是由IL-1β和内毒素诱导的。人类β-防御素可能在口腔微生物的先天防御中发挥重要作用。
beta-Defensins are cationic peptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity that are produced by epithelia at mucosal surfaces. Two human beta-defensins, HBD-1 and HBD-2, were discovered in 1995 and 1997, respectively. However, little is known about the expression of HBD-1 or HBD-2 in tissues of the oral cavity and whether these proteins are secreted. In this study, we characterized the expression of HBD-1 and HBD-2 mRNAs within the major salivary glands, tongue, gingiva, and buccal mucosa and detected beta-defensin peptides in salivary secretions. Defensin mRNA expression was quantitated by RNase protection assays. HBD-1 mRNA expression was detected in the gingiva, parotid gland, buccal mucosa, and tongue. Expression of HBD-2 mRNA was detected only in the gingival mucosa and was most abundant in tissues with associated inflammation. To test whether beta-defensin expression was inducible, gingival keratinocyte cell cultures were treated with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h. HBD-2 expression increased approximately 16-fold with IL-1beta treatment and approximately 5-fold in the presence of LPS. Western immunoblotting, liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry were used to identify the HBD-1 and HBD-2 peptides in human saliva. Human beta-defensins are expressed in oral tissues, and the proteins are secreted in saliva; HBD-1 expression was constitutive, while HBD-2 expression was induced by IL-1beta and LPS. Human beta-defensins may play an important role in the innate defenses against oral microorganisms.