Hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of additively manufactured 316L stainless steel: Influence of post-processing, printing direction, temperature and pre-straining
Hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of additively manufactured 316L stainless steel: Influence of post-processing, printing direction, temperature and pre-straining
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DOI：
10.1016/j.addma.2023.103834
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发表时间：
2023-10
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
G. Álvarez;Z. Harris;K. Wada;C. Rodríguez;E. Martínez-Pañeda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Álvarez;Z. Harris;K. Wada;C. Rodríguez;E. Martínez-Pañeda
通过单轴拉伸实验，在室温和−50 °C下评估了后加工对使用激光粉末床熔融制造的增材制造（AM）316 L不锈钢的氢脆行为的影响。在环境温度下不存在氢的情况下，所有四种评估的AM条件（完工（AB）、退火（ANN）、热等静压（HIP）和HIP加冷加工（CW）至30%）相对于常规制造的（CM）316L不锈钢表现出显著降低的延展性。AM材料在存在和不存在氢的情况下都表现出对构建方向的敏感性，在X方向上的屈服强度显著增加，在Z方向上的延展性增强。相反，在−50 °C下对不带电试样进行的测试显示，CM、AB、ANN和HIP条件之间的延展性相似。在充氢后，发现所有四种AM条件的延展性与CM 316L在环境温度下的延展性相似，HIP条件实际上超过CM材料。重要的是，在−50 °C下对充氢样品进行的测试显示，HIP AM 316 L条件下的延展性几乎是CM 316 L条件下的两倍。即使在冷加工后，这种改进的性能仍然存在，因为CW AM 316 L在充氢后在−50 °C下表现出与CM 316 L相当的延展性，尽管其屈服强度高出2倍。Feritscope测量表明，这种增加的性能与AM 316 L在变形期间形成应变诱发马氏体的倾向降低有关，即使在显著的后加工处理之后。这些结果表明，AM 316L可以使用典型的程序进行后处理，以表现出与CM 316L相似或甚至改善的抗氢脆性。
The influence of post-build processing on the hydrogen embrittlement behavior of additively manufactured (AM) 316L stainless steel fabricated using laser powder bed fusion was assessed at both room temperature and −50 °C via uniaxial tensile experiments. In the absence of hydrogen at ambient temperature, all four evaluated AM conditions (as-built (AB), annealed (ANN), hot isostatic pressed (HIP), and HIP plus cold worked (CW) to 30%) exhibit notably reduced ductility relative to conventionally manufactured (CM) 316L stainless steel. The AM material exhibits sensitivity to the build direction, both in the presence and absence of hydrogen, with a notable increase in yield strength in the X direction and enhanced ductility in the Z direction. Conversely, testing of non-charged specimens at −50 °C revealed similar ductility between the CM, AB, ANN, and HIP conditions. Upon hydrogen charging, the ductility of all four AM conditions was found to be similar to that of CM 316L at ambient temperature, with the HIP condition actually exceeding the CM material. Critically, testing of hydrogen-charged samples at −50 °C revealed that the ductility of the HIP AM 316L condition was nearly double that observed in the CM 316L. This improved performance persisted even after cold working, as the CW AM 316L exhibited comparable ductility to CM 316L at −50 °C after hydrogen charging, despite having a 2-fold higher yield strength. Feritscope measurements suggest this increased performance is related to the reduced propensity for AM 316L to form strain-induced martensite during deformation, even after significant post-processing treatments. These results demonstrate that AM 316L can be post-processed using typical procedures to exhibit similar to or even improved resistance to hydrogen embrittlement relative to CM 316L.